Targeting mitochondrial DNA-STING-NF-kappaB Axis-mediated microglia activation by cryptotanshinone alleviates ischemic retinopathy
Phytomedicine. 2025 Apr 18;142:156779. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2025.156779. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Ischemic retinopathy, a leading cause of vision impairment, involves oxidative stress and dysregulated inflammation, with microglia playing a key role. Cryptotanshinone (CTS), a bioactive compound from Salvia miltiorrhiza, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and thus has the potential for development as a therapeutic […]
In Vitro Toxicity of Cetalkonium Chloride on Corneal Epithelial Cells
Pharmaceutics. 2025 Apr 16;17(4):522. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17040522. ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the toxicity of cetalkonium chloride (CKC) on primary cultured human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). Methods: HCECs were subjected to various concentrations (0.03125 × 10-4 to 2.0 × 10-4% (w/v)) of CKC for durations ranging from 24 to 72 h. Cell viability was evaluated using the […]
MDL800, a SIRT6 activator, mitigates neuroinflammation-induced retinal damage by modulating microglial M1/M2 polarization in experimental glaucoma
Cell Signal. 2025 Apr 22:111832. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2025.111832. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Glaucoma is a group of irreversible neurodegenerative disorders of the optic nerve, characterized by distinct optic nerve damage and progressive visual field loss, with its pathological foundation involving the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and axonal degeneration. Neuroinflammation driven by the […]
Piperine and its nanoformulations: A mechanistic review of their anti-cancer activities
Biomed Pharmacother. 2025 Apr 23;187:118075. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118075. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Piperine, an active compound found in black pepper, exhibits promising anti-cancer properties by targeting critical signaling pathways involved in cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. This review explores the diverse mechanisms through which piperine exerts its effects, including inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and […]
OPA1 mutations in dominant optic atrophy: domain-specific defects in mitochondrial fusion and apoptotic regulation
J Transl Med. 2025 Apr 24;23(1):471. doi: 10.1186/s12967-025-06471-w. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA), a leading common inherited optic neuropathy, arises from progressive retinal ganglion cell degeneration, often linked to OPA1 mutations. OPA1, a mitochondrial GTPase, regulates mitochondrial fusion, crista structure, and apoptosis. While GTPase-related dysfunction is well-studied, the role of other OPA1 domains […]
Advances in origin, evolution, and pathogenesis of optic disc drusen: A narrative review
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2025 May 1;73(5):637-647. doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_937_24. Epub 2025 Apr 24. ABSTRACT Optic disc drusen (ODD) is acellular calcified deposits found mainly in front of the lamina cribrosa within the optic nerve. It can cause chronic or acute vision loss. There has been progress in clinical diagnosis using ophthalmic multimodal imaging in recent years. […]
Protein O-GlcNAcylation and hexokinase mitochondrial dissociation drive heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Cell Metab. 2025 Apr 18:S1550-4131(25)00211-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2025.04.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, but its pathophysiology remains unclear. Here, we report a mouse model of HFpEF and show that hexokinase (HK)-1 mitochondrial binding in endothelial cells (ECs) is critical for […]
Role of IP3R2-Mediated mitochondrial calcium homeostasis in early hypoxic stress injury of retinal pigment epithelial cells
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025 Apr 19;765:151857. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.151857. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To investigate the regulatory role of IP3R2 on mitochondrial function in retinal pigment epithelial cells during the early stage of hypoxic stress preceding apoptosis. METHODS: ARPE-19 cell line was cultured in 1 % oxygen to establish an in vitro hypoxic […]
Macrophage-Hosted Porphyromonas gingivalis Is a Risk Factor for Cataract Development
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025 Apr 1;66(4):68. doi: 10.1167/iovs.66.4.68. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: We studied the regulatory association of Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG) and cataracts. METHODS: PCR and FISH assays were used for detecting PG 16s ribosomal RNA genome, Immunofluorescence was for expression of RpgA in anterior capsular epithelium and fibrosis markers in anterior subcapsular cataract (ASC) model. […]
Newly Synthesized PW06 Induced Cell Apoptosis in Human Glioblastoma Multiforme GBM 8401 Cells Through Caspase- and Mitochondria-Dependent Pathways
J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2025 May;39(5):e70264. doi: 10.1002/jbt.70264. ABSTRACT Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and dangerous lethal tumor in the brain, which develops in adults. Currently, the efficiency of chemotherapy treatment for GBM patients is still unsatisfactory. PW06 was synthesized by Dr. Lien’s laboratory (China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan), and it was […]