Metabolomic Profiling of Aqueous Humor From Glaucoma Patients Identifies Metabolites With Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Potential in Mice

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025 May 1;66(5):28. doi: 10.1167/iovs.66.5.28. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Metabolomic profiling of aqueous humor from primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients using targeted metabolomics analysis and assessment of the potential anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective roles of key dysregulated metabolites in a mouse model of retinal neuroinflammation. METHODS: A targeted metabolomics was performed on aqueous humor […]

Protein Acetylation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Mechanisms, Roles, and Therapeutic Perspectives

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025 May 1;66(5):30. doi: 10.1167/iovs.66.5.30. ABSTRACT Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a top cause of severe vision loss and blindness in older adults globally. This multifactorial disease arises from genetic, environmental, and age-related factors. Protein acetylation modification plays a key role in AMD progression through both epigenetic and non-epigenetic pathways. This […]

Exploring the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and aging in COVID-19-Related neurological complications

Mol Biol Rep. 2025 May 21;52(1):479. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-10586-0. ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, posed a tremendous challenge to healthcare systems globally. Severe COVID-19 infection was reported to be associated with altered immunometabolism and cytokine storms, contributing to poor clinical outcomes and in many cases resulting in mortality. Despite promising preclinical results, many drugs […]

Protein misfolding and mitochondrial dysfunction in glaucoma

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025 Apr 25;13:1595121. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1595121. eCollection 2025. ABSTRACT Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Elevated intraocular pressure caused by restricted outflow of the aqueous humor leads to the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. Emerging evidence suggests that pathological mechanisms relating to protein folding and […]

TLR4 deficiency does not alter glaucomatous progression in a mouse model of chronic glaucoma

Sci Rep. 2025 May 15;15(1):16852. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-00638-7. ABSTRACT Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a pattern-recognition transmembrane receptor that induces neuroinflammatory processes in response to injury. Tlr4 is highly expressed in ocular tissues and is known to modulate inflammatory processes in both anterior and posterior segment tissues. […]

The complete mitochondrial genomes of Macrostylophora euteles and Citellophilus tesquorum sungaris and the phylogenetics of known Siphonaptera mitogenomes

Front Vet Sci. 2025 May 1;12:1558328. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1558328. eCollection 2025. ABSTRACT Fleas serve as hosts to a diverse array of pathogens, which present significant medical and veterinary concerns for human and livestock health. The mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) has long been regarded as a classical model in biogenetics and species evolution research. However, the availability of […]

Grx2 maintains GSH/GSSG homeostasis to enhance GPX4-mediated ferroptosis defense in UVB irradiation induced cataract

Exp Eye Res. 2025 May 12:110421. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2025.110421. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation induces cataract pathogenesis, and Glutaredoxin 2 (Grx2) deficiency causes the early onset of UVB-induced cataracts. Several researchers have shown that, apart from apoptosis and pyroptosis, UVB irradiation also can induce cell ferroptosis. We explored the role of […]

Oral 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells by Modulating the Gut-Retina Axis and Inhibiting Ferroptosis via the Indoleacrylic Acid-AhR-ALDH1A3-FSP1 Pathway

CNS Neurosci Ther. 2025 May;31(5):e70442. doi: 10.1111/cns.70442. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) activates the TrkB receptor, offering neuroprotection, yet its pharmacological limitations restrict its safe and effective delivery to the eye and brain, impeding clinical translation. This study explores the protective effects of oral 7,8-DHF on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) by inhibiting ferroptosis and investigates the […]