Systematic review of Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy – Clinical diagnosis, genetics overview and current concepts of treatment
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2026 Aug 1;74(8):1151-1161. doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_1696_25. Epub 2026 Jul 31. ABSTRACT Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most common mitochondrial disorder, typically causing substantial, often permanent, central vision loss in young adults. It manifests as a subacute optic neuropathy, frequently progressing sequentially in both eyes, due to selective degeneration of retinal ganglion […]
Beyond Glycemic Control: Metformin’s Multi-Target Role in Preventing and Treating Major Ocular Pathologies
J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2026 Jul 30:10807683261474426. doi: 10.1177/10807683261474426. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Metformin, a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes, is increasingly recognized as a pleiotropic agent with potential relevance to ocular disease beyond glycemic control. Accumulating epidemiological evidence suggests that metformin exposure may be associated with reduced risk or slower progression of […]
Mitochondrial dysfunction as a central mechanism of pentavalent antimony toxicity in embryos: Linking metabolic impairment to developmental outcomes
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2026 Jul 30;322:120546. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120546. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Pentavalent antimony [Sb(V)] contamination is an emerging threat in the human environment, yet its mechanistic basis for developmental toxicity remains poorly defined. This study investigates whether mitochondrial dysfunction mediates Sb(V)-induced developmental toxicity in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) and peripheral blood […]
Topical Glycolysis Inhibition Restores MAVS-Associated Antiviral Signaling in Herpes Simplex Keratitis
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2026 Jul 1;67(8):63. doi: 10.1167/iovs.67.8.63. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) is a leading cause of infectious corneal blindness. Host antiviral responses, particularly type I interferon (IFN) signaling, are impaired during corneal herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, partly due to viral immune evasion and metabolic reprogramming. This study investigated […]
COQ8 chaperones coenzyme Q lipid intermediates through ATP-driven structural gating
Sci Adv. 2026 Jul 31;12(31):eaeg1124. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aeg1124. Epub 2026 Jul 29. ABSTRACT Coenzyme Q biosynthesis requires two atypical kinase-like proteins (COQ8A and COQ8B), whose detailed molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that both paralogs function as adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases) that promote coenzyme Q biosynthetic metabolon activity by engaging in loose protein-protein interactions and delivering […]
Mapping the chaperonin TRiC/CCT interactome in mouse photoreceptors reveals functional significance for energy metabolism
PLoS One. 2026 Jul 29;21(7):e0345843. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0345843. eCollection 2026. ABSTRACT The eukaryotic chaperonin TRiC/CCT is essential for folding a diverse set of proteins, yet its interactome and functional roles in specialized neurons remain incompletely understood. To investigate TRiC-mediated folding in rod photoreceptors, we generated a transgenic mouse line expressing an epitope-tagged Tcp-1α subunit, enabling purification […]
Multi-omics Mendelian randomization analysis identifies SPATA20 as a cross-omic target in primary open angle glaucoma
Int J Ophthalmol. 2026 Aug 18;19(8):1451-1460. doi: 10.18240/ijo.2026.08.03. eCollection 2026. ABSTRACT AIM: To investigate the mitochondrial dysfunction-related genes and their regulatory mechanisms involved in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), which is characterized by retinal ganglion cell loss. METHODS: Multi-omic summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) integrating methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL), expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), and […]
Phenotypic Variations in a Large Family with Dominant Optic Atrophy Related to a Novel OPA1 Deletion
Ophthalmol Sci. 2026 Jun 15;6(8):101286. doi: 10.1016/j.xops.2026.101286. eCollection 2026 Aug. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Dominant optic atrophy (DOA) is a rare disease characterized by the chronic loss of retinal ganglion cells that transduce the visual information from the retina to the brain. Dominant optic atrophy shows interfamilial and intrafamilial phenotypic variations and a restricted 35% molecular diagnosis, […]
Calcitriol-PKM2 axis drives transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming of ILCPs into intestinal dual-cytokine-producing ILC3s
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026 Aug 4;123(31):e2600260123. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2600260123. Epub 2026 Jul 28. ABSTRACT Vitamin D deficiency is associated with dysregulated alloimmune responses, but the mechanisms by which its active metabolite calcitriol shapes innate lymphoid cell (ILC) development and function remain incompletely understood. Here, we elucidate how calcitriol directs the differentiation of […]
DGAT1-associated lipid-retinoid dysregulation correlates with metabolic impairment in the RPE of Stargardt disease
iScience. 2026 Jul 13;29(8):116727. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.116727. eCollection 2026 Aug 21. ABSTRACT Mutations in ABCA4 cause Stargardt disease (STGD1) by disrupting retinoid handling and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) homeostasis, yet the metabolic drivers of RPE degeneration remain unclear. Given that photoreceptor health relies heavily on the support of the RPE, loss of the RPE cells is […]