Myeloid Cell Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Drives Retinal Neurodegeneration in Diabetic Mice
Diabetes. 2026 May 21:db250904. doi: 10.2337/db25-0904. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in the working-age population, with public health economic implications worldwide. Systemic inflammation and leukocyte activation are early events in diabetes, whereas microglial activation, neuroinflammation, and retinal neurodegeneration are early events in DR. Protein tyrosine […]
Artificial intelligence and neurodegeneration: state of the art and explainability
Int J Retina Vitreous. 2026 May 19. doi: 10.1186/s40942-026-00807-4. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) are an increasing healthcare concern and growing cause of disability in our century. The advent of the artificial intelligence (AI) era and the early changes in retina and optic nerve morphology detected in […]
Organelle contact reorganization drives calcium-dependent autophagy under proteostatic stress
Autophagy. 2026 May 18. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2026.2677184. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Disruption of proteostasis is a defining feature of cancer and other chronic diseases. The AAA+ ATPase VCP/p97 (valosin containing protein) is a key regulator of proteostasis by disassembling ubiquitinated substrates for degradation. VCP overexpression supports cancer cell survival and correlates with poor prognosis, promoting […]
cGAS-STING Pathway Mediates Retinal Pigmental Epithelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetes. 2026 May 18:db250128. doi: 10.2337/db25-0128. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a predominant cause of vision impairment among working-age individuals, with a subset of patients responding poorly to current treatments. This study investigated alterations in double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) levels in the aqueous humor and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction in DR […]
Transcriptomic Profiling of the Human Retina Reveals Inflammatory and Metabolic Signatures Associated With Clinical Severity After Retinal Detachment
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2026 May 1;67(5):44. doi: 10.1167/iovs.67.5.44. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Retinal detachment (RD) remains an ophthalmologic emergency with high anatomical success rates after surgery but often suboptimal visual outcomes. This study aimed to identify transcriptomic signatures linked with clinical severity in human RD to uncover the molecular basis of variability in functional recovery. METHODS: […]
Crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial homeostasis: A new perspective on ophthalmic disease treatment
J Cell Commun Signal. 2026 May 16;20:e70080. doi: 10.1002/ccs3.70080. eCollection 2026 Jun. ABSTRACT Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are hallmarks of many ophthalmic diseases; however, they have traditionally been examined as isolated pathological processes. Recent evidence indicates that these organelles are inextricably coupled through mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact sites, also known as mitochondria-associated membranes […]
Pharmacological restoration of impaired autophagy in retinal ganglion cells prevents abnormal mitochondrial accumulation and glaucomatous neurodegeneration
Mol Neurodegener. 2026 May 16. doi: 10.1186/s13024-026-00950-4. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and degeneration of optic nerve (ON) axons are the key pathological hallmarks of glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), primarily due to dysfunction of the trabecular meshwork (TM), remains the […]
Anesthesia-Related Neurologic Risk in Patients of Venezuelan Descent: Implications for Ophthalmology
Am J Ophthalmol. 2026 May 15:S0002-9394(26)00237-0. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2026.05.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To alert ophthalmologists to an emerging pattern of catastrophic neurologic injury following general anesthesia in patients of maternal Venezuelan descent, to describe the proposed genetic mechanism, and to provide practical guidance for ophthalmologists regarding this high-risk population. DESIGN: Perspective SUBJECTS: Patients […]
Long-term safety and efficacy of triheptanoin in Korean patients with long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders: a prospective, open-label, single-center, phase II clinical study
BMC Med Genomics. 2026 May 16. doi: 10.1186/s12920-026-02390-x. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAOD) are inherited metabolic conditions caused by impaired mitochondrial β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids, leading to rhabdomyolysis, cardiomyopathy, and hypoglycemia. Triheptanoin, a medium odd-chain triglyceride, provides anaplerotic substrates that replenish tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, offering alternative […]
KEAP1-mediated mitochondrial remodeling on stiffness-graded collagen substrates drives hepatocellular carcinoma adaptation
Biomaterials. 2026 May 12;334:124302. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2026.124302. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Mechanical and structural cues of the extracellular matrix (ECM) regulate tumor cell metabolism and drug response, yet the molecular mediators that link these biophysical signals are unclear. We present an elastically supported surface platform bioengineered with varying stiffness and collagen fiber anisotropy to replicate […]