DARS2 Promotes Tumorigenesis and Metastasis by Activating PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer
Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2026 Aug 7:e70267. doi: 10.1002/kjm2.70267. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (DARS2), the mitochondrial enzyme responsible for aminoacylation of aspartyl-tRNA, is traditionally known for its effect on protein synthesis. Recently, DARS2 is reported to be implicated in tumorigenesis. However, its specific effect on breast cancer (BC) is poorly understood. […]
Single-Cell atlas of aqueous humor outflow in glaucomatous Non-Human Primates identified MGP as a regulator of ECM remodeling
Exp Eye Res. 2026 Aug 6:111191. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.111191. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This study investigated the heterogeneity and molecular alterations of trabecular meshwork (TM) in glaucomatous non-human primates, aiming to identify potential pathogenic genes and signaling pathways involved in glaucoma. METHODS: TM tissues were analyzed using 10x Genomics single-cell RNA sequencing on the […]
A boronate-phenolic network nanoplatform carrying dimethyl itaconate for ameliorating neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Biomaterials. 2026 Aug 4;337:124528. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2026.124528. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), particularly its neovascular form driven by choroidal neovascularization (CNV), remains leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Current anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy offers limited efficacy, indicating that monotherapies targeting the downstream VEGF pathway cannot meet clinical needs, thus highlighting […]
MENTSH: A novel mitochondrial microprotein linked to a SNP associated with type 2 diabetes
Theranostics. 2026 Jul 20;16(14):8180-8194. doi: 10.7150/thno.134637. eCollection 2026. ABSTRACT RATIONALE: Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are growing threats to human health, and their genetic basis is complex and not fully understood. Furthermore, the mitochondrial genome has been shown to encode for many microproteins that have a variety of biological effects. In this study we […]
Gas-6 Scavenges Anionic Phospholipid-Expressing Microparticles and Mitigates TBI-Induced Endotheliopathy and Coagulopathy in Mice
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2026 Aug 6. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.126.324955. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in the release of microparticles from injured brain cells into circulation. These microparticles induce a systemic hypercoagulable state that rapidly transitions into secondary coagulopathy and endotheliopathy. We hypothesize that removing these microparticles from circulation could […]
Psalmotoxin-1, a novel TRPM2 channel antagonist, reduces age-related macular degeneration-caused mitochondrial oxidative damage and apoptosis in human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2026 Aug 6. doi: 10.1007/s00417-026-07436-5. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) develops as a result of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitROS) and apoptosis caused by increased Ca2+ influx via the overstimulation of transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2). Psalmotoxin-1 (PSTX) has acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) inhibitor […]
The bile acid receptor TGR5 promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury by rescuing mitochondrial dysfunction and suppressing AIM2-mediated pyroptosis
Br J Pharmacol. 2026 Aug 3. doi: 10.1111/bph.70619. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Previous studies have highlighted the significance of the bile acid receptor TGR5 (also known as Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5) in regulating inflammation and mitochondrial homeostasis in various diseases, whereas the specific involvement of TGR5 in spinal cord injury […]
CLRN1 Variants in Muller Cells Cause Mitochondrial Dysfunction in USH3A Retinal Organoids
CNS Neurosci Ther. 2026 Aug;32(8):e71068. doi: 10.1002/cns.71068. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Usher syndrome 3A (USH3A), caused by mutations in the CLRN1 gene, leads to retinitis pigmentosa and sensorineural hearing loss. While CLRN1’s role in inner ear pathology is established, its contribution to retinal degeneration remains poorly understood. METHODS: Retinal organoids derived from a USH3A patient were analyzed […]
Progressive mitochondrial and autophagic dysfunction during RGC development driven by a LHON-associated mitochondrial tRNA(Thr) mutation
Cell Signal. 2026 Aug 2:112778. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2026.112778. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a genetically inherited disease of the eye triggered by mtDNA mutations, leading to degeneration of RGCs. We previously reported that the mitochondrial tRNAThr (MT-TT) 15927G > A homoplasmic mutation disrupted the base pairing (28C-42G) conserved in the […]
Systematic review of Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy – Clinical diagnosis, genetics overview and current concepts of treatment
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2026 Aug 1;74(8):1151-1161. doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_1696_25. Epub 2026 Jul 31. ABSTRACT Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most common mitochondrial disorder, typically causing substantial, often permanent, central vision loss in young adults. It manifests as a subacute optic neuropathy, frequently progressing sequentially in both eyes, due to selective degeneration of retinal ganglion […]