Category: Ophthalmology AND mitochondrial

Mitochondrial Uncoupler, 2,4-Dinitrophenol, Reduces Spinal Cord Paralysis and Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss in the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Biomolecules. 2025 Jan 28;15(2):189. doi: 10.3390/biom15020189. ABSTRACT Optic neuritis is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the optic nerve that often occurs in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Sixty percent of patients develop some level of permanent visual loss due to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) damage following optic neuritis, with no known treatment to prevent this loss. […]

Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Lights and Shadows

Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Jan 27;14(2):152. doi: 10.3390/antiox14020152. ABSTRACT Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide, primarily driven by oxidative stress and inflammation. This review examines the role of antioxidants in mitigating oxidative damage, emphasizing both their therapeutic potential and limitations in AMD management. Key findings underscore the efficacy of specific […]

Lysosome-Mitochondrial Crosstalk in Cellular Stress and Disease

Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Jan 22;14(2):125. doi: 10.3390/antiox14020125. ABSTRACT The perception of lysosomes and mitochondria as entirely separate and independent entities that degrade material and produce ATP, respectively, has been challenged in recent years as not only more complex roles for both organelles, but also an unanticipated level of interdependence are being uncovered. Coupled lysosome and […]

The rAAV2-ND1 gene therapy for Leber hereditary optic neuropathy

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2025 Feb 24. doi: 10.1007/s00417-025-06776-y. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: No effective treatment for leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) caused by ND1 mutation is available.This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of a single unilateral intravitreal injection rAAV2-ND1 in various doses for the treatment of LHON. METHODS: Twelve patients […]

GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis: molecular mechanisms, diseases and therapeutic targets

Mol Biomed. 2025 Feb 25;6(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s43556-025-00249-8. ABSTRACT Pyroptosis is a regulated form of inflammatory cell death in which Gasdermin D (GSDMD) plays a central role as the key effector molecule. GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis is characterized by complex biological features and considerable heterogeneity in its expression, mechanisms, and functional outcomes across various tissues, cell types, and […]

Development of a cell-penetrating peptide-based nanocomplex for long-term delivery of intact mitochondrial DNA into epithelial cells

Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2025 Jan 16;36(1):102449. doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2025.102449. eCollection 2025 Mar 11. ABSTRACT Gene therapy approaches for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-associated damage/diseases have thus far been limited, and despite advancements in single gene therapy for mtDNA mutations and progress in mitochondrial transplantation, no method exists for restoring the entire mtDNA molecule in a clinically translatable […]

Cigarette smoke and biological age induce degenerative heterogeneity in retinal pigment epithelium

bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2025 Jan 28:2025.01.27.635096. doi: 10.1101/2025.01.27.635096. ABSTRACT Environmental exposure such as cigarette smoke induces epigenetic changes that can induce degenerative heterogeneity and accelerate aging. In early age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading worldwide cause of blindness among the elderly, retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell heterogeneity is a key change. Since smoking is the strongest […]

Unveiling the effect of urinary xenoestrogens on chronic kidney disease in adults: A machine learning model

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2025 Feb 22;292:117945. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117945. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Exposure to three primary xenoestrogens (XEs), including phthalates, parabens, and phenols, has been strongly associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). An interpretable machine learning (ML) model was developed to predict CKD using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) […]

MiR-224-3p regulates ferroptosis and inflammation in lens epithelial cells by targeting ACSL4

Exp Eye Res. 2025 Feb 20:110306. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2025.110306. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated the expression levels of miR-224-3p and inflammatory factors in the lens epithelium of patients with high myopia cataract (HMC) to determine how miR-224-3p/ACSL4 affects ferroptosis and inflammation in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs). The expression of miR-224-3p […]