Category: Ophthalmology AND mitochondrial

Resveratrol as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Diabetic Retinopathy: Molecular Mechanisms, Clinical Potential, and Future Challenges

Molecules. 2025 Aug 4;30(15):3262. doi: 10.3390/molecules30153262. ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a progressive, multifactorial complication of diabetes and one of the major global causes of visual impairment. Its pathogenesis involves chronic hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, neurodegeneration, and pathological angiogenesis, as well as emerging systemic contributors such as gut microbiota dysregulation. While current treatments, […]

Glaucoma-associated Optineurin mutations increase transcellular degradation of mitochondria in a vertebrate optic nerve

Elife. 2025 Aug 12;14:e103844. doi: 10.7554/eLife.103844. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT We previously described a process whereby mitochondria shed by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons are transferred to and degraded by surrounding astrocytes in the optic nerve head of mice. Since the mitophagy receptor Optineurin (OPTN) is one of few large-effect glaucoma genes and axonal […]

0.01% atropine combined with carteolol hydrochloride can inhibit the scleral remodeling in guinea pigs with form-deprivation myopia

Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 11;15(1):29392. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-12800-2. ABSTRACT Myopia is the most widespread refractive error caused by an increase in the axial length (AL) of the eyeball, and is also a major risk factor for other blinding eye diseases, seriously endangering human health and quality of life. Investigating practical methods to control the progression of […]

Technological advances in the diagnosis and management of inherited optic neuropathies

Front Neurol. 2025 Jul 25;16:1609033. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1609033. eCollection 2025. ABSTRACT Preferential degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is a defining feature of the inherited optic neuropathies (IONs), a group of monogenic eye diseases predominately comprising Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and autosomal dominant optic atrophy (DOA). Their pathogenesis is characterised by mitochondrial dysfunction, which causes […]

hsa_circ_0099682 exacerbates the development of diabetic retinopathy by promoting pathological neoangiogenesis via the miR-125b-5p/HNRNPU axis

J Mol Histol. 2025 Aug 9;56(4):264. doi: 10.1007/s10735-025-10535-y. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss, driven by hyperglycemia-induced human retinal microvascular endothelial cell (HRMEC) dysfunction, mitochondrial impairment, oxidative stress, inflammation, and aberrant angiogenesis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators in various ocular pathologies, yet their contributions to DR […]

Unlocking the potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists in ocular therapeutics: from molecular pathways to clinical impact

Front Pharmacol. 2025 Jul 24;16:1618079. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1618079. eCollection 2025. ABSTRACT Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), initially developed for diabetes and obesity, exhibit pleiotropic effects-including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties-that position them as transformative candidates for ocular therapeutics. Ocular diseases such as glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are driven by multifactorial pathogenesis. Current therapies often target […]

‘Adrift From the World’: Exploring the Lived Experiences of Individuals Affected by an Inherited Optic Neuropathy in the United Kingdom – A Qualitative Study

Value Health. 2025 Aug 5:S1098-3015(25)02490-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2025.07.023. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Little is understood about the lived experiences of individuals affected by inherited optic neuropathies (IONs) in the United Kingdom. The aim of this study was to understand how autosomal dominant optic atrophy (DOA) and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), the two more […]

Anatomical Region-Specific Transcriptomic Signatures and the Role of Epithelial Cells in Pterygium Inflammation: A Multi-Omics Analysis

Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2025 Aug 1;14(8):13. doi: 10.1167/tvst.14.8.13. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This study aims to understand the differences in cellular and molecular patterns between the Main and Accessory (Acc) regions of pterygium tissue, with a focus on inflammation and mitochondrial energy metabolism. METHODS: We collected bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from six pterygium patients and […]

Metformin in Diabetic Retinopathy: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Potential, and Barriers

Cureus. 2025 Jul 7;17(7):e87455. doi: 10.7759/cureus.87455. eCollection 2025 Jul. ABSTRACT The primary aim of diabetic retinopathy (DR) management is to prevent or slow the decline of vision loss. While current treatments for DR are effective in the advanced stages, they may not be as effective in the early phases of the disease. Metformin is among […]