Natural products for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration: New insights focusing on mitochondrial quality control and cGAS/STING pathway
J Pharm Anal. 2025 May;15(5):101145. doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2024.101145. Epub 2024 Nov 16. ABSTRACT Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease that affects the vision of elderly individuals worldwide. Although current therapeutics have shown effectiveness against AMD, some patients may remain unresponsive and continue to experience disease progression. Therefore, in-depth knowledge of the mechanism underlying AMD pathogenesis […]
Corneal Sensory Denervation Causes Epithelial Ferroptosis and Delayed Healing in Mice
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025 Jun 2;66(6):28. doi: 10.1167/iovs.66.6.28. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This study aimed to elucidate the role and mechanism of corneal nerves in regulating epithelial cell response against ferroptosis. METHODS: Denervated mouse models were established via surgical axotomy and capsaicin treatment. Monochlorobimane staining was employed to detect cellular glutathione (GSH) levels in the corneal […]
RAGE Is Essential for Subretinal Fibrosis in Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization: Therapeutic Implications
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025 Jun 2;66(6):30. doi: 10.1167/iovs.66.6.30. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Subretinal fibrosis, a complication of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), involves the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells as a contributing mechanism. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multiligand receptor implicated in fibrotic diseases, but its role […]
A gatekeeper sympathetic control of lacrimal tear secretion and dry eye onset through the NA-Adra1a-Ucp2 pathway
Nat Commun. 2025 Jun 5;16(1):5215. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-60476-z. ABSTRACT Tear secretion from the lacrimal gland is essential for maintaining ocular surface homeostasis, and its insufficiency causes aqueous-deficient dry eye. Unlike the well-established parasympathetic neuronal regulation, the role of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in tear secretion remains controversial. Here, we demonstrate the intact sympathetic innervation in lacrimal […]
TFOS DEWS III Digest Report
Am J Ophthalmol. 2025 Jun 3:S0002-9394(25)00276-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.05.040. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT This digest summarises the interdisciplinary research in dry eye disease (DED) published since the 2017 TFOS DEWS II reports. It comprises seven topics including Sex, Gender, and Hormones, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Tear Film, Pain and Sensation, Iatrogenic and Clinical Trial Design and explores […]
Photobiomodulation: evidence and applications in ophthalmology
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2025 Jun 6. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001154. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a noninvasive therapy utilising low-level light energy to stimulate cellular processes, modulate inflammatory pathways, enhance mitochondrial activity, promote tissue regeneration. With growing interest in PBM as a potential treatment modality, this review synthesises current evidence and […]
Radiosensitizing effects of Withaferin A in gastric cancer cells via autophagy Inhibition and mitochondrial disruption
Sci Rep. 2025 Jun 4;15(1):19695. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05008-x. ABSTRACT Gastric cancer is highly lethal due to late-stage diagnosis and resistance to standard treatments like radiotherapy. Enhancing radiosensitivity in gastric cancer cells could improve treatment outcomes. Withaferin A (WA), a bioactive compound from Withania somnifera, has anticancer effects and can modulate cellular processes like autophagy and mitochondrial […]
IRE1-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response Regulates Oxidative Damage in CYP4V2 Deficient Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
Biomed J. 2025 Jun 2:100875. doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2025.100875. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Given the role of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) overload and mitochondrial dysfunction in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in causing retinal degeneration in Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD), we aimed to identify the pathways responsible for intracellular oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in […]
Biallelic NSUN3 Variants Cause Diverse Phenotypic Spectrum Disease: From Isolated Optic Atrophy to Severe Early-Onset Mitochondrial Disorder
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025 Jun 2;66(6):17. doi: 10.1167/iovs.66.6.17. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Primary mitochondrial disorders (PMDs) are a clinically heterogeneous group of genetic disorders that can affect many tissues, with a broad phenotypic spectrum ranging from isolated organ involvement to severe early-onset multisystem disease. Visual loss from optic atrophy is a frequent clinical manifestation of mitochondrial […]
Identification of ER:Melanosome Membrane Contact Sites in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium
Contact (Thousand Oaks). 2025 Jun 2;8:25152564251340949. doi: 10.1177/25152564251340949. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec. ABSTRACT The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) forms a monolayer of cells at the blood:retina interface that plays important roles for photoreceptor renewal and function and is central to retinal health. RPE pigment is provided by melanin-containing melanosomes which offer protection against light and oxidative […]