Oxidative Stress-Induced Age-Related Bullous Keratopathy in Corneal Endothelial Cells With Lipid Droplets and Vacuoles

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2026 May 1;67(5):71. doi: 10.1167/iovs.67.5.71. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: We previously demonstrated that intracellular oxidative stress reduces corneal endothelial cells in Tet-mev-1 mice that genetically overproduce mitochondrial superoxide anions. This study aimed to elucidate the physiological processes underlying oxidative stress-induced corneal endothelial cell loss. METHODS: Primary cultures of mouse corneal endothelial cells were […]

AstroOphthalmology: Basic and Pathophysiological Concepts of Space-Induced Ocular Changes

Eye Brain. 2026 May 22;18:611235. doi: 10.2147/EB.S611235. eCollection 2026. ABSTRACT Long-duration space missions pose a considerable risk to eye health, and visual dysfunction is recognized as a primary health concern for astronauts. Hence, we have developed a series of review reports to study the effects of space on the eye, called AstroOphthalmology (including Basics, Ocular […]

Aerobic Exercise Preserves Retinal Integrity in Type 2 Diabetic Zebrafish in Association With Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Homeostasis

FASEB J. 2026 Jun 15;40(11):e71978. doi: 10.1096/fj.202602090R. ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy is a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), yet effective early interventions that simultaneously address systemic metabolic dysfunction and retinal injury remain limited. Here, using a zebrafish model of T2DM under continued diabetic challenge, we show that aerobic exercise preserves retinal integrity in […]

Mitogenomic analysis of Palaeopsylla remota and Frontopsylla elata elata with implications for the phylogeny of Siphonaptera

Front Vet Sci. 2026 May 12;13:1722404. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2026.1722404. eCollection 2026. ABSTRACT Fleas are among the most prevalent hematophagous ectoparasites found on mammals and have the ability to spread various pathogens. This study presents the first sequencing and analysis of the mitochondrial genomes of Palaeopsylla remota and Frontopsylla elata elata, alongside a comparative examination using mitochondrial […]

Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders: mechanisms and therapeutic advances

Mol Biomed. 2026 May 28;7(1):78. doi: 10.1186/s43556-026-00480-x. ABSTRACT Mitochondrial dysfunction is a core pathogenic mechanism underlying a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders, from Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases to inherited optic neuropathies and mitochondrial ataxias. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of how defects in mitochondrial and nuclear DNA converge to disrupt oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dynamics, […]

Multi-omics identification and verification of Dnajb14 as a modulator of retinal ganglion cell survival in glaucoma through ferroptosis

J Genet Genomics. 2026 May 26:S1673-8527(26)00185-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2026.05.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness and necessitates the identification of unreported therapeutic targets. Here, we report eight stable plasma protein targets for glaucoma, identified through a large-scale proteome-wide association study integrated with Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses. Among these […]

Prominin-1 and Retinal Degenerative Disorders: Expanding the Biology from Photoreceptors to the Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Biomolecules. 2026 Apr 24;16(5):635. doi: 10.3390/biom16050635. ABSTRACT Prominin-1 (Prom1/CD133) has long been recognized as a structural determinant of photoreceptor outer segment (OS) morphogenesis, yet rapidly accumulating evidence extends its role to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) homeostasis, encompassing autophagy-lysosomal flux, outer segment phagocytosis, mitochondrial function, and regulation of inflammatory stress. This review synthesizes mechanistic and transcriptomic […]

Oxidative Stress in Dry Eye Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies

Biomolecules. 2026 May 13;16(5):718. doi: 10.3390/biom16050718. ABSTRACT Dry eye disease (DED) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the ocular surface, characterized by tear film homeostasis imbalance, with aging being identified as a crucial independent risk factor. Oxidative stress, which refers to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen substances during mitochondrial […]

Progressive Visual Recovery in a Patient with Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Harboring a Rare Heteroplasmic (MT-ND5):m.13042G>A, p(Ala236Thr) Variant with Low Mutant Load: A Case Report

Case Rep Ophthalmol. 2026 Mar 23;17(1):423-432. doi: 10.1159/000551571. eCollection 2026 Jan-Dec. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The majority of Caucasian patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) harbor one of three primary pathogenic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants, which are usually present in homoplasmy in leukocytes. Most of the remaining cases have been linked to rare heteroplasmic pathogenic variants, […]