Protective Role of Adenosine Triphosphate Against Tamoxifen-Induced Retinal Toxicity in a Rat Model
Medicina (Kaunas). 2026 Apr 19;62(4):787. doi: 10.3390/medicina62040787. ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: Tamoxifen, a cornerstone selective estrogen receptor modulator in breast cancer therapy, is increasingly recognized to be associated with retinal toxicity characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative DNA injury. By targeting mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction and redox disequilibrium, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) emerges […]
A Viscous DES-AAV-Foxo1 Delivery System With High Transfection Efficiency for the Treatment of Corneal Endothelial Dysfunction by Restoring Mitochondria-ER Contacts
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2026 May 3:e75464. doi: 10.1002/advs.75464. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Corneal endothelial dysfunction is a major cause of global blindness, with an estimated 12.7 million patients awaiting corneal transplantation, and the severe shortage of donor grafts underscores the urgent need for non-surgical therapies. Gene therapy offers a promising alternative, but is hindered […]
Acarbose modulates microglial Pkm2 acetylation to reshape immunometabolism and preserve retinal neurons after ischemia-reperfusion
J Neuroinflammation. 2026 May 2. doi: 10.1186/s12974-026-03838-8. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) elicits microglia-driven neuroinflammation and mitochondrial failure that led to retinal ganglion cell (RGCs) loss, yet effective disease-modifying therapies remain limited. Acarbose (ACA), an α-glucosidase inhibitor widely used for diabetes, has recently been recognized for its dual regulatory potential on immune […]
METTL14 Ameliorates Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Autophagy in Lens Epithelial Cells of Diabetic Cataracts via m6A Modification of RPL3
Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2026 May 1:e70194. doi: 10.1002/kjm2.70194. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Diabetic cataracts are a leading cause of blindness, with lens epithelial cells (LECs) exhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy inhibition under high glucose (HG) conditions. Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14), an RNA methyltransferase, regulates N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification; however, its role in modulating mitochondrial […]
Redox imbalance dictates dependence on GOT1 versus GOT2 for rod photoreceptor health during aging and stress
bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2026 Apr 7:2026.04.05.716322. doi: 10.64898/2026.04.05.716322. ABSTRACT Photoreceptor (PR) loss causes vision loss in many blinding diseases, and effective therapies to prevent this cell loss are lacking. Aspartate aminotransferases (GOTs), located in the cytosol (GOT1) and mitochondria (GOT2), are key components of the malate-aspartate shuttle, which transfers reducing equivalents from cytosol to mitochondria. Previous […]
Omics in hereditary optic neuropathies:A systematic review of clinical studies with an integrated point of view
Surv Ophthalmol. 2026 Apr 28:S0039-6257(26)00059-7. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2026.04.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Hereditary optic neuropathies are characterized by bilateral visual loss due to the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells, resulting in optic nerve degeneration and atrophy. Although the genetic origin of the main isolated and syndromic hereditary optic neuropathies have been characterized, the clinical phenotypes […]
Local inhibition of glaucomatous mitochondrial dysfunction using an engineered annular sector microneedle
Biomaterials. 2026 Apr 27;334:124252. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2026.124252. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in glaucomatous trabecular meshwork (TM) degeneration, whereas increasing intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels can restore mitochondrial homeostasis, offering therapeutic benefits for glaucoma. We propose that intracellular NAD+ can be boosted by promoting NAD+ biosynthesis through the co-delivery […]
Mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction drives PANoptosis in retinal pigment epithelium during fungal endophthalmitis: emerging roles of the MITF-FBXW7 axis
Front Immunol. 2026 Apr 13;17:1826337. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1826337. eCollection 2026. ABSTRACT Fungal endophthalmitis (FE), although less common than bacterial endophthalmitis, carries a disproportionately high risk of irreversible blindness. Clinical observations show that some patients continue to experience progressive visual loss even after successful microbiological clearance, suggesting that disease outcomes are strongly influenced by excessive host immune-inflammatory […]
Ten-year natural history of visual function in Japanese patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy: A retrospective cohort study
PLoS One. 2026 Apr 28;21(4):e0348093. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0348093. eCollection 2026. ABSTRACT Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial optic neuropathy that typically causes severe bilateral central vision loss. Although several natural-history studies have reported visual outcomes, long-term trajectories beyond 5 years remain incompletely quantified, particularly in Asian cohorts. We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study […]
Retinal Pigment Epithelium Ageing: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Long-Term Homeostasis and Age-Related Dysfunction
Cells. 2026 Apr 19;15(8):725. doi: 10.3390/cells15080725. ABSTRACT The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a long-lived, highly polarised epithelial monolayer that performs essential functions in retinal homeostasis, including outer blood-retina barrier maintenance, visual cycle activity, metabolic exchange, phagocytic clearance of photoreceptor outer segments, and regulation of oxidative and immune balance. Because RPE cells persist for decades […]