Psalmotoxin-1, a novel TRPM2 channel antagonist, reduces age-related macular degeneration-caused mitochondrial oxidative damage and apoptosis in human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2026 Aug 6. doi: 10.1007/s00417-026-07436-5. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) develops as a result of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitROS) and apoptosis caused by increased Ca2+ influx via the overstimulation of transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2). Psalmotoxin-1 (PSTX) has acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) inhibitor […]
The bile acid receptor TGR5 promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury by rescuing mitochondrial dysfunction and suppressing AIM2-mediated pyroptosis
Br J Pharmacol. 2026 Aug 3. doi: 10.1111/bph.70619. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Previous studies have highlighted the significance of the bile acid receptor TGR5 (also known as Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5) in regulating inflammation and mitochondrial homeostasis in various diseases, whereas the specific involvement of TGR5 in spinal cord injury […]
CLRN1 Variants in Muller Cells Cause Mitochondrial Dysfunction in USH3A Retinal Organoids
CNS Neurosci Ther. 2026 Aug;32(8):e71068. doi: 10.1002/cns.71068. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Usher syndrome 3A (USH3A), caused by mutations in the CLRN1 gene, leads to retinitis pigmentosa and sensorineural hearing loss. While CLRN1’s role in inner ear pathology is established, its contribution to retinal degeneration remains poorly understood. METHODS: Retinal organoids derived from a USH3A patient were analyzed […]
Progressive mitochondrial and autophagic dysfunction during RGC development driven by a LHON-associated mitochondrial tRNA(Thr) mutation
Cell Signal. 2026 Aug 2:112778. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2026.112778. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a genetically inherited disease of the eye triggered by mtDNA mutations, leading to degeneration of RGCs. We previously reported that the mitochondrial tRNAThr (MT-TT) 15927G > A homoplasmic mutation disrupted the base pairing (28C-42G) conserved in the […]
Eugenol regulates ferroptosis through Mfn2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway to alleviate glutamate excitotoxicity damage in glaucoma
Mol Cell Biochem. 2026 Jul 31. doi: 10.1007/s11010-026-05676-x. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), with glutamate excitotoxicity being a key contributor to RGC damage. Eugenol, a natural phenolic compound, has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective properties. However, protective effect […]
Systematic review of Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy – Clinical diagnosis, genetics overview and current concepts of treatment
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2026 Aug 1;74(8):1151-1161. doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_1696_25. Epub 2026 Jul 31. ABSTRACT Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most common mitochondrial disorder, typically causing substantial, often permanent, central vision loss in young adults. It manifests as a subacute optic neuropathy, frequently progressing sequentially in both eyes, due to selective degeneration of retinal ganglion […]
Beyond Glycemic Control: Metformin’s Multi-Target Role in Preventing and Treating Major Ocular Pathologies
J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2026 Jul 30:10807683261474426. doi: 10.1177/10807683261474426. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Metformin, a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes, is increasingly recognized as a pleiotropic agent with potential relevance to ocular disease beyond glycemic control. Accumulating epidemiological evidence suggests that metformin exposure may be associated with reduced risk or slower progression of […]
Mitochondrial dysfunction as a central mechanism of pentavalent antimony toxicity in embryos: Linking metabolic impairment to developmental outcomes
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2026 Jul 30;322:120546. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120546. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Pentavalent antimony [Sb(V)] contamination is an emerging threat in the human environment, yet its mechanistic basis for developmental toxicity remains poorly defined. This study investigates whether mitochondrial dysfunction mediates Sb(V)-induced developmental toxicity in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) and peripheral blood […]
Topical Glycolysis Inhibition Restores MAVS-Associated Antiviral Signaling in Herpes Simplex Keratitis
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2026 Jul 1;67(8):63. doi: 10.1167/iovs.67.8.63. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) is a leading cause of infectious corneal blindness. Host antiviral responses, particularly type I interferon (IFN) signaling, are impaired during corneal herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, partly due to viral immune evasion and metabolic reprogramming. This study investigated […]
COQ8 chaperones coenzyme Q lipid intermediates through ATP-driven structural gating
Sci Adv. 2026 Jul 31;12(31):eaeg1124. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aeg1124. Epub 2026 Jul 29. ABSTRACT Coenzyme Q biosynthesis requires two atypical kinase-like proteins (COQ8A and COQ8B), whose detailed molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that both paralogs function as adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases) that promote coenzyme Q biosynthetic metabolon activity by engaging in loose protein-protein interactions and delivering […]