Suboptimal Responses to Anti-VEGF in Retinal Neurovascular Diseases: Linking Aging and Alternative Angioinflammatory Pathways
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2026 May 1;67(5):4. doi: 10.1167/iovs.67.5.4. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Vision-threatening ocular diseases are impacted by aging-associated molecular changes, including mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, and chronic inflammation. Anti-VEGF therapies targeting VEGF-A/VEGFR2 signaling remain the frontline standard of care, but many patients exhibit suboptimal or nondurable responses, often due to compensatory and/or compromised antiangiogenic and […]
Case Report: Disulfiram-induced optic neuropathy
Front Neurol. 2026 Apr 16;17:1793252. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2026.1793252. eCollection 2026. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Toxic optic neuropathy (TON) is characterized by bilateral, symmetric vision loss with damage to the papillomacular bundle, central or cecocentral scotomas, and impaired color vision. While TON has been well-documented with medications such as ethambutol and linezolid, disulfiram-induced optic neuropathy remains rare with limited […]
Two Novel Variants in MT-RNR1 Gene Associated with Hereditary Optic Neuropathy: A Case Report
Case Rep Ophthalmol. 2026 Feb 16;17(1):387-395. doi: 10.1159/000551049. eCollection 2026 Jan-Dec. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Hereditary optic neuropathies are primarily disorders of mitochondrial dysfunction leading to the metabolic failure of the highly energy-dependent retinal ganglion cells. Beyond the canonical variants found in OPA1 or the mitochondrial genome, a growing subset of patients exhibits progressive optic atrophy of […]
Mitochondrial Transplantation in the Eye: A Review and Evaluation of Surgical Approaches
bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2026 Apr 7:2026.04.06.716722. doi: 10.64898/2026.04.06.716722. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to major blinding diseases, including age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma. Although mitochondrial transplantation has shown therapeutic potential in multiple organ systems, translation to the eye remains limited, partly due to uncertainty regarding optimal delivery. We summarize the biologic rationale and preclinical evidence supporting […]
Circadian rhythms regulate refractive development across species
bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2026 Apr 6:2026.04.02.713440. doi: 10.64898/2026.04.02.713440. ABSTRACT Myopia is a rapidly escalating global public health challenge, yet the biological mechanisms linking modern lifestyles to abnormal eye growth remain unclear. Circadian rhythms have been implicated in refractive development, but causal evidence is limited. Here, we integrate population-scale human data with an experimental animal model to […]
From Genetic Diagnosis to Therapeutic Implementation in Retinal Diseases: Translational Advances and Persistent Bottlenecks
Biomedicines. 2026 Mar 30;14(4):782. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines14040782. ABSTRACT Background: Retinal and optic nerve disorders are a leading cause of irreversible visual impairment worldwide. Advances in molecular genetics-including next-generation sequencing, genome-wide association studies, and gene-based therapeutic technologies-have reshaped understanding of both inherited and complex retinal diseases. However, translating genetic discovery into sustained clinical benefit remains biologically and […]
Cellular Senescence of Lens Epithelial Cells and Age-Related Cataract: A Systematic Review
Bioengineering (Basel). 2026 Apr 7;13(4):433. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering13040433. ABSTRACT Recent evidence links lens epithelial cell (LEC) dysfunction and cellular senescence-an irreversible cell cycle arrest with a pro-inflammatory secretory phenotype-to age-related cataract (ARC) progression. This systematic review synthesizes current knowledge on LEC senescence, its molecular features, and laboratory methods for senescence assessment in the ARC. Following PRISMA […]
Review of Therapeutic Potential of Coenzyme Q10 in Ophthalmology: Focus on Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Glaucoma, and Retinitis Pigmentosa
Antioxidants (Basel). 2026 Apr 19;15(4):506. doi: 10.3390/antiox15040506. ABSTRACT Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a natural antioxidant produced by the human body, has strong anti-inflammatory properties, reduces oxidative stress, and improves mitochondrial function. It is also known for its strong neuroprotective effects. With age, endogenously produced CoQ10 levels decline, contributing to the development of chronic diseases, including eye […]
Quercetin Enhances Topotecan Cytotoxicity in Retinoblastoma Cells Through ROS-Associated Stress and Apoptotic Signaling
Biomolecules. 2026 Apr 17;16(4):597. doi: 10.3390/biom16040597. ABSTRACT Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, exhibits antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects across various cancer models. Topotecan, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, is used in the treatment of retinoblastoma; however, its clinical utility is limited by dose-dependent toxicity. This study aimed to investigate whether quercetin is associated with enhanced topotecan-induced cytotoxicity […]
Protective Role of Adenosine Triphosphate Against Tamoxifen-Induced Retinal Toxicity in a Rat Model
Medicina (Kaunas). 2026 Apr 19;62(4):787. doi: 10.3390/medicina62040787. ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: Tamoxifen, a cornerstone selective estrogen receptor modulator in breast cancer therapy, is increasingly recognized to be associated with retinal toxicity characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative DNA injury. By targeting mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction and redox disequilibrium, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) emerges […]