Ferrostatin-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor, mitigates all-trans-retinal-induced retinal pigment epithelium degeneration in mice
J Transl Med. 2025 Oct 15;23(1):1103. doi: 10.1186/s12967-025-07195-7. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Disruption of the retinoid (visual) cycle causes all-trans-retinal (atRAL) to accumulate in photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), contributing to Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1) and dry age-related macular degeneration (dAMD). Yet, the mechanisms underlying atRAL-induced RPE degeneration are not well understood. Here, we explored […]
Population-specific polygenic risk scores for people of Han Chinese ancestry
Nature. 2025 Oct 15. doi: 10.1038/s41586-025-09350-y. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Predicting complex disease risks on the basis of individual genomic profiles is an advancing field in human genetics1,2. However, most genetic studies have focused on populations of European ancestry, creating a global imbalance in precision medicine and underscoring the need for genomic research in […]
Enhanced mitochondria-associated membrane formation in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy: a novel link between endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2025 Oct 15. doi: 10.1007/s10384-025-01288-y. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To investigate the presence and characteristics of mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and to assess the relationship between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and MAM formation in corneal endothelial cells, given the established roles of mitochondrial dysfunction and […]
The Role of ARL13B in Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Cultured Human Corneal Endothelial Cells
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025 Oct 1;66(13):25. doi: 10.1167/iovs.66.13.25. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between primary cilia and mitochondrial function in cultured human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs). METHODS: HCECs obtained from donor corneas were cultured and categorized into either differentiated cells or cell-state transition (CST) cells based on […]
Nitrosative Stress, Mitochondrial Peptides, and Ferroptosis Markers in Corneal Epithelial Cells from Keratoconus Patients
Curr Eye Res. 2025 Oct 14:1-8. doi: 10.1080/02713683.2025.2570815. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To investigate the possible contribution of nitrosative stress, mitochondrial peptide levels (humanin and mitochondrial open-reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c), and ferroptosis parameters in corneal epithelial cells obtained from patients with keratoconus. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted on corneal epithelial […]
Choroidal neovascularization in a teenager with Kearns Sayre syndrome
Ophthalmic Genet. 2025 Oct 14:1-2. doi: 10.1080/13816810.2025.2572711. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Kearns Sayre syndrome (KSS) is a rare multisystem mitochondrial disorder. KSS primarily targets energy supply in cells through impaired oxidative metabolism and reduced ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) production. KSS is clinically characterized by a classic triad of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, retinitis pigmentosa […]
Exploring rare mitochondrial DNA in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy
Adv Ophthalmol Pract Res. 2025 Aug 22;5(4):278-284. doi: 10.1016/j.aopr.2025.08.001. eCollection 2025 Nov-Dec. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited mitochondrial disorder primarily caused by mutations in MT-ND1, MT-ND4, and MT-ND6, leading to retinal ganglion cell degeneration and severe vision loss. While 90%-95% of cases involve three common mutations (m.11778G > A, […]
Ferroptosis and organelle roles in dry eye
iScience. 2025 Sep 9;28(10):113527. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113527. eCollection 2025 Oct 17. ABSTRACT Dry eye, an ocular surface disorder, has become increasingly prevalent over the past few years due to air pollution and stress in daily life. Emerging studies on dry eye in both cellular and animal models indicate changes in ferroptosis-related markers. Furthermore, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic […]
Absolute quantification of TCA cycle intermediates in mouse ocular tissues reveals distinct tissue- and sex-specific mitochondrial metabolism
bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2025 Sep 27:2025.09.25.678562. doi: 10.1101/2025.09.25.678562. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is central to energy production and redox balance in the eye, which must sustain high metabolic activity to support vision. Retinal neurons, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), cornea, and lens each have distinct physiological roles and metabolic demands, yet the absolute […]
Genetically predicted causal links between gut microbiota and biological aging phenotypes in age-related macular degeneration
Biogerontology. 2025 Oct 13;26(6):191. doi: 10.1007/s10522-025-10329-5. ABSTRACT Current knowledge regarding the role of gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis and biological aging in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains limited. This study aims to explore the causal relationships among these factors in AMD development. Utilizing two-sample bidirectional mendelian randomization (MR), we analyzed genome-wide association study […]