Blockade of mitochondrial components release by exosome pathway promotes the pathogenesis of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy
Cell Death Discov. 2025 Dec 2. doi: 10.1038/s41420-025-02881-3. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is the leading indication of corneal transplantation worldwide and the focus of pathogenesis has been on the corneal endothelium. Instead of cellular analysis, we aimed to identify the protein changes of aqueous humor (AH) in patients with […]
Cell-penetrating peptide-functionalized biomimetic nanovesicles for efficient cataract treatment via enhanced corneal penetration and lens-mitochondria dual targeting
Bioact Mater. 2025 Nov 14;57:305-322. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.11.016. eCollection 2026 Mar. ABSTRACT Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. While the oxidative stress homeostasis unbalance of the lens is a key pathological mechanism underlying cataract formation. Due to the lens being deeply embedded behind multiple biological barriers, there is no effective drug treatment for cataract […]
Membrane-Targeting Poly(Amino Acids) with a Phage-Like Action Process for Antifungal Therapy
ACS Nano. 2025 Dec 1. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c13661. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Invasive fungal infections and the rising prevalence of drug resistance highlight the urgent need for alternative antifungal strategies. In this study, a guanidine-functionalized poly(amino acid) (PArg20) with a phage-like action process was synthesized, exhibiting superior antifungal activity and favorable biocompatibility. Emulating the three-step […]
Advanced therapies for inherited optic neuropathies
Eye (Lond). 2025 Nov 29. doi: 10.1038/s41433-025-04109-1. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Inherited optic neuropathies (IONs), such as Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA), typically lead to irreversible severe vision loss due to mitochondrial dysfunction causing retinal ganglion cell degeneration. Although current treatment options are limited, substantial progress has been […]
From molecular mechanisms to translational applications: a parallel assessment of green and black tea modulation of oxidative stress
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2025 Nov 28;22(1):147. doi: 10.1186/s12986-025-01047-3. ABSTRACT Oxidative stress, driven by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses, is a key contributor to aging and chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. Green and black tea contain polyphenolic compounds that exhibit potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This […]
NAMPT modulates muscle fiber type transition in PAD myopathy via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway
Biol Direct. 2025 Nov 27;20(1):113. doi: 10.1186/s13062-025-00705-z. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Peripheral artery disease (PAD), caused by atherosclerosis resulting in reduced blood flow in the lower extremities, impairs both skeletal muscle mass and function in humans, and its molecular mechanism is not clear. Recent studies have demonstrated that Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) influences skeletal muscle mass and […]
Therapeutic Approaches for Toxic Optic Neuropathies: Insights from Methanol-Induced Optic Neuropathy and NAION Treatments
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Nov 13;15(22):2883. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15222883. ABSTRACT Background/Objectives: Toxic optic neuropathy (TON) represents a spectrum of optic nerve damage caused by exposure to toxins, including drugs, alcohol, and industrial chemicals. It is characterized by progressive vision loss, dyschromatopsia, and optic nerve pallor and poses a clinical challenge in diagnosis and management due to overlapping […]
Nrf2 Activated by PD-MSCs Attenuates Oxidative Stress in a Hydrogen Peroxide-Injured Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Line
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Oct 25;14(11):1279. doi: 10.3390/antiox14111279. ABSTRACT Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a retinal degenerative disease caused by oxidative stress. Thus, we aimed to reduce oxidative stress through the use of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs). To induce oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cells, we treated them with 200 µM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 2 […]
Thermodynamic Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation: Nanothermometry, Energy-Stress Dynamics, and Predictive Entropy in Glial-Vascular Networks
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Nov 14;26(22):11022. doi: 10.3390/ijms262211022. ABSTRACT Homeostasis, which supports and maintains brain function, results from the continuous regulation of thermodynamics within tissue: the balance of heat production, redox oscillations, and vascular convection regulates coherent energy flow within the organ. Neuroinflammation disturbs this balance, creating measurable entropy gradients that precede structural damage […]
Mitochondrial Macular Dystrophy-A Case Report and Mini Review of Retinal Dystrophies
J Clin Med. 2025 Nov 20;14(22):8236. doi: 10.3390/jcm14228236. ABSTRACT Background: Retinal dystrophies are often challenging to diagnose. At early stages, they may resemble benign retinal pigment epithelium alterations and drusen present in otherwise healthy individuals. With the increased incidence of autoimmunity-related disorders and new treatments for retinal dystrophies on the horizon, thorough investigations and making […]