Category: Ophthalmology AND mitochondrial

From Castro to Quantum Mechanics: Marching Through Tunnels With Reactive Oxygen Species

J Neuroophthalmol. 2025 Oct 16. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000002400. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The 2025 Jacobson Lecture revealed a scientific journey that began with the Cuban epidemic of blindness to recent studies of the quantum mechanical underpinnings of Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON). A sudden outbreak of bilaterally symmetrical optic neuropathy and peripheral neuropathy in more […]

Lactylated histone H4K8 regulation of MFN2/Wnt signaling integrates glycolytic metabolism and Müller cell activation in the pathogenesis of glaucoma

Neurobiol Dis. 2025 Nov 4:107178. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2025.107178. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) imposes a substantial glycolytic demand on retinal tissue, driving excessive lactate production to sustain neuronal energy homeostasis. In the present study, we demonstrate that this metabolic stress markedly increases histone H4 lysine 8 lactylation (H4K8la) throughout the glaucomatous retina. […]

Non-invasive bioelectrical therapy suppresses retinal neovascularization by modulating cellular metabolism and inflammation

Cell Commun Signal. 2025 Nov 6;23(1):479. doi: 10.1186/s12964-025-02451-1. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Pathological retinal neovascularization, a major cause of blindness, occurs in conditions such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Microglial activation and chronic neuroinflammation play critical roles in disease progression by promoting vascular permeability and angiogenesis. While anti-VEGF therapies are the current standard […]

Beyond Impaired GABAergic Signaling: Inflammation and Metabolic Dysfunction in Genetic Epilepsy Induced by GABRG2 Mutation

Mol Neurobiol. 2025 Nov 5;63(1):3. doi: 10.1007/s12035-025-05277-7. ABSTRACT Although the mechanisms underlying genetic epilepsies associated with mutations in the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor γ2 subunit gene (GABRG2) have been extensively investigated, prior studies primarily focused on the functional alterations of mutant ion channels. Emerging evidence has indicated that neuroinflammation and metabolic disturbances are involved […]

Homocysteine and Diabetic Retinopathy

Exp Eye Res. 2025 Nov 3:110729. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2025.110729. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of blindness in working-age adults, is a complex neurovascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Beyond chronic hyperglycemia, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) has emerged as a significant modulator of DR progression. This review delineates the multifaceted role of HHcy in […]

Cepharanthine-induced mitophagy through regulation of FBXL4-BNIP3 drives ferroptosis leading to robust anti-lung cancer efficacy

Free Radic Biol Med. 2025 Oct 31:S0891-5849(25)01334-6. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2025.10.302. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Cepharanthine (Cep), a natural alkaloid from Stephania (Menispermaceae), exhibits broad-spectrum anti-cancer activity. In the present study, Cep was found to induce ferroptosis and mitophagy, for which the relationship and upstream targets remain unelucidated. Herein, the role of Cep in the induction […]

Mitochondrial transplant: Unravelling a promising treatment for ocular diseases

Redox Biol. 2025 Oct 17;88:103902. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2025.103902. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Mitochondrial transplantation is an upcoming therapeutic modality where transfer of healthy robust mitochondria bio-enhances metabolically dysfunctional cells or tissues. Though the concept of MT germinated in early 1980s in a bid to develop antibiotic resistance between cells, this innovative treatment has since undergone […]

Lights for aging: Can photobiomodulation restore functionality in the cerebral networks of aged individuals?

Neural Regen Res. 2025 Oct 30. doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00633. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Of all our organs, the brain is particularly prone to aging. The neurons become increasingly more dysfunctional with age, leading to less efficient patterns of functional connectivity, not only within, but also between the different large-scale resting-state networks. Further, the aged brain […]

Defective chaperone-mediated autophagy in the retinal pigment epithelium of age-related macular degeneration patients

EMBO Mol Med. 2025 Oct 30. doi: 10.1038/s44321-025-00329-w. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Autophagy is one of the main intracellular recycling systems and its impairment is considered a primary hallmark of the aging process. Defective macroautophagy in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) has been described in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a blindness-causing disease that affects […]