Interpretable Aging Signatures in Human Retinal Cell Types Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Sparse Logistic Regression
Ophthalmol Sci. 2026 Jan 6;6(3):101062. doi: 10.1016/j.xops.2025.101062. eCollection 2026 Mar. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To characterize cell-type-specific transcriptional changes during human retinal aging and develop machine learning (ML) model for cellular age discrimination in a Chinese cohort. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, laboratory-based observational study. PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen unfrozen retinas from 12 Chinese donors (9 young, 34-55 y; 9 old, 68-92 […]
The Central Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Advances in Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapy
Diagnostics (Basel). 2026 Jan 26;16(3):392. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics16030392. ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains the leading cause of preventable blindness among working-age adults worldwide, driven by the growing prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this comprehensive literature review is to provide an insightful analysis of recent advances in the pathogenesis of DR, followed by a summary […]
Role of NDUFS1 in Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Glaucomatous Retinal Ganglion Cells
Exp Eye Res. 2026 Feb 9:110913. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.110913. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT This study investigates the role of NDUFS1, a subunit of mitochondrial complex I, in glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury and determines whether it mediates RGC apoptosis through regulating mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress (OS). A microbead-induced glaucoma mouse model was established. […]
Optic neuropathy arising from the synergy between YARS2 and mitochondrial COX1 mutations
J Genet Genomics. 2026 Feb 8:S1673-8527(26)00047-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2026.02.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a paradigm for mitochondrial retinopathy. Here, we investigate the mechanism underlying the interaction between nuclear modifier and mtDNA mutation(s) that manifests optic neuropathy in vivo to develop an effective therapeutic approach for this disease using mouse […]
Semaglutide Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells Against Rotenone-Induced Degeneration via Improved Glucose Metabolism
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2026 Feb 2;67(2):25. doi: 10.1167/iovs.67.2.25. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Glaucoma is a multifactorial disease, where metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction may play a major role in the progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells that characterize the disease. Currently, treatment strategies consist of IOP-lowering approaches with no available neuroprotective agent. In epidemiological studies and models […]
Selenium Nanoparticles Protect Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Against Experimental Age-Related Macular Degeneration-Induced Mitochondrial Oxidative Toxicity and Apoptosis Through the Modulation of the TRPM2 Channel
J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2026 Feb;40(2):e70738. doi: 10.1002/jbt.70738. ABSTRACT Excessive Ca2+ influx leads to mitochondrial oxidative injury and cell death, contributing to the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The protective role of selenium nanoparticle (SeNPs), through inhibition of ADP-ribose- and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced TRPM2 cation channel stimulation, was recently reported in human retinal pigment […]
Phosphatidylcholine modulates trabecular meshwork resilience to glaucomatous injury via regulation of TGFBR3 signaling
Int J Surg. 2026 Feb 10. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000004321. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Glaucoma is a main cause of irreversible blindness, which is mainly characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and degeneration of retinal ganglion cells. Current therapies primarily act by reducing aqueous humor production or enhancing its outflow to lower IOP. However, because […]
Comparative mitogenomic and phylogenetic insights from four newly sequenced tick mitochondrial genomes
Front Vet Sci. 2026 Jan 22;12:1678349. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1678349. eCollection 2025. ABSTRACT Ticks, recognized as the second most significant vector of pathogens after mosquitoes, are of considerable interest in medical research. Although mitochondrial genomes are commonly employed in the phylogenetic studies of insects and arthropods, investigations into tick mitochondrial genomes are relatively scarce. The evolutionary and […]
Microtubule dynamics in adult retinal ganglion cells and dorsal root ganglion neurons
Front Mol Neurosci. 2026 Jan 23;19:1739387. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2026.1739387. eCollection 2026. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: While axon regeneration is very limited in the adult central nervous system (CNS) in vivo, this is not the case in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Indeed, both CNS and PNS neurons can regenerate in vitro although to varying degrees. Given the role […]
Endothelial TET2 deficiency exacerbates diabetic coronary microvascular dysfunction via CMPK2-mediated mitochondrial impairment
Clin Sci (Lond). 2026 Feb 2:CS20256842. doi: 10.1042/CS20256842. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is prevalent in diabetes. Ten-Eleven Translocation-2 (TET2) as the major demethylase in endothelial cells (ECs) is decreased in diabetic CMD, and the role warrants further exploration. In this study, a multi-modality imaging, consist of transthoracic Doppler echocardiography and […]