Non-Coding RNAs Regulating Mitochondrial Functions and the Oxidative Stress Response as Putative Targets against Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 30;24(3):2636. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032636. ABSTRACT Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an ever-increasing, insidious disease which reduces the quality of life of millions of elderly people around the world. AMD is characterised by damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the macula region of the retina. The origins of this […]
Autophagy Requirements for Eye Lens Differentiation and Transparency
Cells. 2023 Feb 1;12(3):475. doi: 10.3390/cells12030475. ABSTRACT Recent evidence points to autophagy as an essential cellular requirement for achieving the mature structure, homeostasis, and transparency of the lens. Collective evidence from multiple laboratories using chick, mouse, primate, and human model systems provides evidence that classic autophagy structures, ranging from double-membrane autophagosomes to single-membrane autolysosomes, are […]
Characterization of Oxygen Nanobubbles and In Vitro Evaluation of Retinal Cells in Hypoxia
Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2023 Feb 1;12(2):16. doi: 10.1167/tvst.12.2.16. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Vein or artery occlusion causes a hypoxic environment by preventing oxygen delivery and diffusion to tissues. Diseases such as retinal vein occlusion, central retinal artery occlusion, or diabetic retinopathy create a stroke-type condition that leads to functional blindness in the effected eye. We aim […]
PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy inhibits osteoblast apoptosis induced by advanced oxidation protein products
Cell Death Dis. 2023 Feb 7;14(2):88. doi: 10.1038/s41419-023-05595-5. ABSTRACT Osteoblast apoptosis plays an important role in age-related bone loss and osteoporosis. Our previous study revealed that advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) could induce nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cause mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) depolarization, trigger the mitochondria-dependent intrinsic apoptosis […]
The outcome of boosting mitochondrial activity in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is organ-dependent
Hepatology. 2023 Feb 9. doi: 10.1097/HEP.0000000000000303. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) accounts for 70% of liver-related deaths in Europe, with no effective approved therapies. Although mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the earliest manifestations of alcohol-induced injury, restoring mitochondrial activity remains a problematic strategy due to oxidative stress. Here, we identify […]
Real-Time Analysis of Bioenergetics in Primary Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Using High-Resolution Respirometry
J Vis Exp. 2023 Feb 3;(192). doi: 10.3791/64572. ABSTRACT Metabolic dysfunction of retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) is a key pathogenic driver of retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Since RPE are highly metabolically-active cells, alterations in their metabolic status reflect changes in their health and function. High-resolution respirometry […]
Qihuang Granule protects the retinal pigment epithelium from oxidative stress via regulation of the alternative complement pathway
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Feb 18;23(1):55. doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-03884-2. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in elderly people, and dry AMD is the most common type of AMD. Oxidative stress and alternative complement pathway activation may play essential roles in the pathogenesis of dry AMD. There are no […]
Knockout of AMD-associated gene POLDIP2 reduces mitochondrial superoxide in human retinal pigment epithelial cells
Aging (Albany NY). 2023 Feb 16;15. doi: 10.18632/aging.204522. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Genetic and epidemiologic studies have significantly advanced our understanding of the genetic factors contributing to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In particular, recent expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies have highlighted POLDIP2 as a significant gene that confers risk of developing AMD. However, […]
Enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis promotes neuroprotection in human pluripotent stem cell derived retinal ganglion cells
Commun Biol. 2023 Feb 24;6(1):218. doi: 10.1038/s42003-023-04576-w. ABSTRACT Mitochondrial dysfunctions are widely afflicted in central nervous system (CNS) disorders with minimal understanding on how to improve mitochondrial homeostasis to promote neuroprotection. Here we have used human stem cell differentiated retinal ganglion cells (hRGCs) of the CNS, which are highly sensitive towards mitochondrial dysfunctions due to […]
Transient and sustained ganglion cell light responses are differentially modulated by intrinsically produced reactive oxygen species acting upon specific voltage-gated Na+ channel isoforms
J Neurosci. 2023 Feb 24:JN-RM-1723-22. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1723-22.2023. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Increasing spike rates drive greater neuronal energy demand. In turn, mitochondrial ATP production leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can modulate ion channel gating. Does ROS production autoregulate a neuron’s excitability? We investigated the links between retinal ganglion cell […]