New Insights into Parthanatos as Programmed Cell Death During Murine Cytomegalovirus or Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Productive Replication in Diverse Cell Types
Cells. 2026 May 30;15(11):1009. doi: 10.3390/cells15111009. ABSTRACT Programmed cell death (PCD) pathways of innate immunity serve to protect host cells from invading viruses. Parthanatos is a novel form of PCD triggered by excessive host cell DNA damage that leads to overactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) which in turn stimulates poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer formation. PAR translocates […]
ScRNA-seq Data Reveal Gene Upregulation and Downregulation in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy
Med Sci Monit. 2026 Jun 11;32:e951911. doi: 10.12659/MSM.951911. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Retinopathy of prematurity is characterized by retinal vascular ischemia and hypoxia that lead to neovascularization, potentially causing retinal detachment and blindness. This study aimed to explore target genes involved in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) through comprehensive single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS ScRNA-seq […]
Dysregulated Lipid Metabolism in Dry Eye Disease: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Emerging Treatments
Ocul Surf. 2026 Jun 10:S1542-0124(26)00069-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jtos.2026.06.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Dry eye disease (DED) is increasingly recognized as a metabolic disorder characterized by the disruption of lipid homeostasis rather than solely an inflammatory condition. This review synthesizes current evidence regarding the dysregulation of lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of DED. Furthermore, this review […]
Drp1-driven fragmentation of scleral mitochondria promotes myopia development
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026 Jun 16;123(24):e2511427123. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2511427123. Epub 2026 Jun 10. ABSTRACT The global epidemic of myopia constitutes a growing public health concern worldwide. Myopia development is characterized by pathological scleral remodeling through fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation (FMT) and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Since myopia is progressive, the development of sustainable and […]
Chrysin Attenuates Dry Eye Progression by Suppressing NOX2-Dependent Ferroptosis and STING/NLRP3-Mediated Inflammatory Responses
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2026 Jun 1;67(6):15. doi: 10.1167/iovs.67.6.15. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of chrysin on dry eye and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Public transcriptomic datasets were analyzed to identify ferroptosis-associated hub genes and to predict potential modulatory compounds. Ocular surface signs were evaluated using phenol red thread […]
Salvianolic acid a attenuates sodium iodate-induced ferroptosis in age-related macular degeneration models via the SLC7A11/GPX4 axis
Front Pharmacol. 2026 May 25;17:1803187. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1803187. eCollection 2026. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Oxidative stress-mediated retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell injury is a key pathological feature of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Ferroptosis-an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation-has been increasingly identified as a critical executor of RPE degeneration and a key pathogenic mechanism […]
Programmable delivery of mitochondria to specific cell types
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2026 Jun 9. doi: 10.1038/s41580-026-00986-w. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:42265201 | DOI:10.1038/s41580-026-00986-w
Quantitative models of photoreceptor metabolisms: implications for rod outer segment length, retinal glycolysis and choroidal blood flow
Phys Biol. 2026 Jun 9. doi: 10.1088/1478-3975/ae7ad6. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The outer retina exhibits several distinctive physiological features, including continuous turnover of rod photoreceptor outer segments (OS), a strong reliance on aerobic glycolysis despite oxygen availability, and an unusually high rate of choroidal blood flow. The mechanistic links between these phenomena remain incompletely […]
Arsenic exposure promotes retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction and oxidative stress via NF-κB pathway
Sci Rep. 2026 Jun 8. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-55608-4. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in older adults and is closely linked to dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Arsenic (As), a ubiquitous environmental toxicant present in drinking water and food, has been implicated in multiple chronic […]
12-month outcomes of photobiomodulation in dry age-related macular degeneration: a prospective multicentre randomised double-masked controlled clinical trial
Br J Ophthalmol. 2026 Jun 8:bjo-2025-328389. doi: 10.1136/bjo-2025-328389. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Dry age-related macular degeneration (dAMD) is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss in older adults, with no approved treatment to modify progression in early and intermediate stages. Photobiomodulation (PBM), which targets mitochondrial dysfunction and retinal inflammation, has shown promise in […]