Specialised features of melanosomes in health and disease in the retinal pigment epithelium
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025 Sep 3;13:1593840. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1593840. eCollection 2025. ABSTRACT This mini-review focuses on melanosome biogenesis, positioning and function in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) where melanosomes absorb light scatter and protect against the harmful effects of photo-oxidation. RPE melanosomes share a common biogenesis pathway with those of skin melanocytes but are made […]
Whole mitochondrial genome sequencing in individuals with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy negative for the common pathogenic mitochondrial DNA variants
Front Neurol. 2025 Sep 1;16:1584748. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1584748. eCollection 2025. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the role of additional mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants in the development of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) by screening the entire mitochondrial genome in individuals who had previously tested negative for the three common mtDNA variants: m.3460G > A […]
Mitochondrial oxidative stress, cellular damages and stem cell aging in premature aging models with complex II electron transport defect
J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2025 Sep 1;77(2):101-112. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.25-62. Epub 2025 Jul 2. ABSTRACT Mitochondria which are the major intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) sources produce especially superoxide anion (O2 •-) as a byproduct of energy production. It has been well known that O2 •- is converted from oxygen (O2) and is overproduced by excessive […]
Role of mitochondrial dysfunction in ocular surface diseases
Cell Stress. 2025 Aug 5;9:174-181. doi: 10.15698/cst2025.08.309. eCollection 2025. ABSTRACT The dysfunction of mitochondria, the “energy factories” of cells, not only causes an insufficiency of energy production but also leads to various pathological alterations in cells such as the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, inflammatory responses and mitochondrial DNA damage, all of which were involved […]
Early-life inflammation increases aggressive behavior in adult male mice through an astrocyte-neuron signaling
Mol Psychiatry. 2025 Sep 16. doi: 10.1038/s41380-025-03260-1. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Accumulating research has demonstrated a significant association between early-life inflammation and behavioral disorders later in life. However, the effects of early-life inflammation on aggressive behavior in adulthood remain poorly understood. Here, we show that early-life inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) upregulated neuronal dynamin-related […]
Agricultural SDHIs Induce Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus via Mitochondrial Sdh1 Suppression
Mycopathologia. 2025 Sep 15;190(5):85. doi: 10.1007/s11046-025-00992-0. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Aspergillus fumigatus poses significant clinical challenges due to its increasing azole resistance. This study investigates the sdh1 gene’s role in regulating azole susceptibility, mitochondrial function, and virulence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fungal strains were co-cultured with varying concentrations of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs). Post-treatment azole minimum inhibitory concentrations […]
Dehydroepiandrosterone Prevents Collagen Loss by Regulating HIF-1α Expression and Mitophagy in Hypoxic Human Scleral Fibroblasts
Am J Pathol. 2025 Sep 12:S0002-9440(25)00342-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2025.07.018. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Myopia progression and its associated complications, which can lead to vision impairment, primarily result from persistent abnormal elongation of the eye’s axial length. The previous metabonomic analysis of intraocular fluids suggested intraocular hormones may play a role in high myopia pathogenesis. In […]
Next-Gen Neuroprotection in Glaucoma: Synergistic Molecules for Targeted Therapy
J Clin Med. 2025 Aug 30;14(17):6145. doi: 10.3390/jcm14176145. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy marked by retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), apoptosis, vascular insufficiency, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, and neuroinflammation. While intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction remains the primary intervention, many patients continue to lose vision despite adequate pressure control. Emerging neuroprotective agents-citicoline, coenzyme […]
Imbalanced mitochondrial homeostasis in ocular diseases: unique pathogenesis and targeted therapy
Exp Eye Res. 2025 Sep 8:110632. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2025.110632. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Mitochondria play a crucial role in energy production and are intimately associated with ocular function. Mitochondrial dysfunction can trigger oxidative stress and inflammation, adversely affecting key ocular structures such as the lacrimal gland, lens, retina, and trabecular meshwork. This dysfunction may compromise […]
Sorting nexin 3 promotes ischemic retinopathy through RIP1- and RIP3-mediated myeloid cell necroptosis and mitochondrial fission
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Sep 16;122(37):e2426578122. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2426578122. Epub 2025 Sep 9. ABSTRACT Proliferative retinopathy is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in humans; however, the molecular mechanisms behind the immune cell-mediated retinal angiogenesis remain poorly elucidated. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing in an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model, we identified an […]