Mitochondrial optic neuropathies
Handb Clin Neurol. 2023;194:23-42. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-821751-1.00010-5. ABSTRACT Mitochondrial optic neuropathies have a leading role in the field of mitochondrial medicine ever since 1988, when the first mutation in mitochondrial DNA was associated with Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). Autosomal dominant optic atrophy (DOA) was subsequently associated in 2000 with mutations in the nuclear DNA affecting […]
Mitochondrial TXNRD2 and ME3 genetic risk scores are associated with specific primary open-angle glaucoma phenotypes
Ophthalmology. 2023 Feb 20:S0161-6420(23)00129-X. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.02.018. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Genetic variants in regions that include the mitochondrial genes TXNRD2 and ME3 are associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). To assess their clinical impact, we investigated whether TXNRD2 and ME3 genetic risk scores (GRSs) are associated with specific […]
Real-Time Analysis of Bioenergetics in Primary Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Using High-Resolution Respirometry
J Vis Exp. 2023 Feb 3;(192). doi: 10.3791/64572. ABSTRACT Metabolic dysfunction of retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) is a key pathogenic driver of retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Since RPE are highly metabolically-active cells, alterations in their metabolic status reflect changes in their health and function. High-resolution respirometry […]
Qihuang Granule protects the retinal pigment epithelium from oxidative stress via regulation of the alternative complement pathway
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Feb 18;23(1):55. doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-03884-2. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in elderly people, and dry AMD is the most common type of AMD. Oxidative stress and alternative complement pathway activation may play essential roles in the pathogenesis of dry AMD. There are no […]
Knockout of AMD-associated gene POLDIP2 reduces mitochondrial superoxide in human retinal pigment epithelial cells
Aging (Albany NY). 2023 Feb 16;15. doi: 10.18632/aging.204522. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Genetic and epidemiologic studies have significantly advanced our understanding of the genetic factors contributing to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In particular, recent expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies have highlighted POLDIP2 as a significant gene that confers risk of developing AMD. However, […]
Enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis promotes neuroprotection in human pluripotent stem cell derived retinal ganglion cells
Commun Biol. 2023 Feb 24;6(1):218. doi: 10.1038/s42003-023-04576-w. ABSTRACT Mitochondrial dysfunctions are widely afflicted in central nervous system (CNS) disorders with minimal understanding on how to improve mitochondrial homeostasis to promote neuroprotection. Here we have used human stem cell differentiated retinal ganglion cells (hRGCs) of the CNS, which are highly sensitive towards mitochondrial dysfunctions due to […]
Transient and sustained ganglion cell light responses are differentially modulated by intrinsically produced reactive oxygen species acting upon specific voltage-gated Na+ channel isoforms
J Neurosci. 2023 Feb 24:JN-RM-1723-22. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1723-22.2023. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Increasing spike rates drive greater neuronal energy demand. In turn, mitochondrial ATP production leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can modulate ion channel gating. Does ROS production autoregulate a neuron’s excitability? We investigated the links between retinal ganglion cell […]
Sodium ferrous citrate and 5-aminolevulinic acid improve type 2 diabetes by maintaining muscle and mitochondrial health
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2023 Feb 23. doi: 10.1002/oby.23705. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Improving mitochondrial function is a promising strategy for intervention in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study investigated the preventive effects of sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) and 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate (ALA) on several metabolic dysfunctions associated with obesity because they have been […]
PW06 Triggered Fas-FADD to Induce Apoptotic Cell Death In Human Pancreatic Carcinoma MIA PaCa-2 Cells through the Activation of the Caspase-Mediated Pathway
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2023 Feb 11;2023:3479688. doi: 10.1155/2023/3479688. eCollection 2023. ABSTRACT Pancreatic cancer has higher incidence and mortality rates worldwide. PW06 [(E)-3-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one] is a carbazole derivative containing chalcone moiety which was designed for inhibiting tumorigenesis in human pancreatic cancer. This study is aimed at investigating PW06-induced anticancer effects in human pancreatic cancer MIA […]
Effect of palmitoylethanolamide on degeneration of a human-derived retinal pigment epithelial cell induced by all-trans retinal
Int J Ophthalmol. 2023 Feb 18;16(2):191-200. doi: 10.18240/ijo.2023.02.04. eCollection 2023. ABSTRACT AIM: To study the effect of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) on apoptosis of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells induced by all-trans retinal (atRAL) and to explore the possible molecular mechanism. METHODS: CellTiter 96® Aqueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay (MTS) was used to detect the effect […]