Cone photoreceptors transfer damaged mitochondria to Müller glia
Cell Rep. 2023 Feb 15;42(2):112115. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112115. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Mitochondria are vital organelles that require sophisticated homeostatic mechanisms for maintenance. Intercellular transfer of damaged mitochondria is a recently identified strategy broadly used to improve cellular health and viability. Here, we investigate mitochondrial homeostasis in the vertebrate cone photoreceptor, the specialized neuron that […]
N-Acetylcysteine and cysteamine bitartrate prevent azide-induced neuromuscular decompensation by restoring glutathione balance in two novel surf1-/- zebrafish deletion models of Leigh syndrome
Hum Mol Genet. 2023 Feb 16:ddad031. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddad031. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT SURF1 deficiency (OMIM # 220110) causes Leigh syndrome (LS, OMIM # 256000), a mitochondrial disorder typified by stress-induced metabolic strokes, neurodevelopmental regression, and progressive multisystem dysfunction. Here, we describe two novel surf1-/- zebrafish knockout models generated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. While gross larval […]
Mitochondrial Genome Alterations, Cytochrome C Oxidase Activity, and Oxidative Stress: Implications in Primary Open-angle Glaucoma
J Curr Glaucoma Pract. 2022 Sep-Dec;16(3):158-165. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10078-1376. ABSTRACT AIM: To evaluate mitochondrial genome alterations, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity, and oxidative stress in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODOLOGY: Whole mitochondrial genome was screened in 75 POAG cases and 105 controls by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing. COX activity was measured from peripheral blood mononuclear […]
Glutathione system enhancement for cardiac protection: pharmacological options against oxidative stress and ferroptosis
Cell Death Dis. 2023 Feb 16;14(2):131. doi: 10.1038/s41419-023-05645-y. ABSTRACT The glutathione (GSH) system is considered to be one of the most powerful endogenous antioxidant systems in the cardiovascular system due to its key contribution to detoxifying xenobiotics and scavenging overreactive oxygen species (ROS). Numerous investigations have suggested that disruption of the GSH system is a […]
A lncRNA-encoded mitochondrial micropeptide exacerbates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury
Cell Death Dis. 2023 Feb 15;14(2):126. doi: 10.1038/s41419-023-05617-2. ABSTRACT As a common pathology of many ocular disorders such as diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma, retinal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) triggers inflammation and microglia activation that lead to irreversible retinal damage. The detailed molecular mechanism underlying retinal IR injury, however, remains poorly understood at present. Here we report the […]
PM2.5 exposure increases dry eye disease risks through corneal epithelial inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunctions
Cell Biol Toxicol. 2023 Feb 14. doi: 10.1007/s10565-023-09791-z. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Dry eye disease (DED) is the most common disease affecting vision and quality of life. PM2.5 was a potential risk of DED. Herein, we conducted animal exposure and cell-based studies to evaluate the pathogenic effect of PM2.5 exposure on the ocular surface […]
Retinal pathological features and proteome signatures of Alzheimer’s disease
Acta Neuropathol. 2023 Feb 11. doi: 10.1007/s00401-023-02548-2. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathologies were discovered in the accessible neurosensory retina. However, their exact nature and topographical distribution, particularly in the early stages of functional impairment, and how they relate to disease progression in the brain remain largely unknown. To better understand the […]
Knockout of AMD-associated gene POLDIP2 reduces mitochondrial superoxide in human retinal pigment epithelial cells
Aging (Albany NY). 2023 Feb 16;15. doi: 10.18632/aging.204522. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Genetic and epidemiologic studies have significantly advanced our understanding of the genetic factors contributing to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In particular, recent expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies have highlighted POLDIP2 as a significant gene that confers risk of developing AMD. However, […]
Transient and sustained ganglion cell light responses are differentially modulated by intrinsically produced reactive oxygen species acting upon specific voltage-gated Na+ channel isoforms
J Neurosci. 2023 Feb 24:JN-RM-1723-22. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1723-22.2023. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Increasing spike rates drive greater neuronal energy demand. In turn, mitochondrial ATP production leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can modulate ion channel gating. Does ROS production autoregulate a neuron’s excitability? We investigated the links between retinal ganglion cell […]
Sodium ferrous citrate and 5-aminolevulinic acid improve type 2 diabetes by maintaining muscle and mitochondrial health
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2023 Feb 23. doi: 10.1002/oby.23705. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Improving mitochondrial function is a promising strategy for intervention in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study investigated the preventive effects of sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) and 5-aminolevulinic acid phosphate (ALA) on several metabolic dysfunctions associated with obesity because they have been […]