Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Retinal Degeneration: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Perspectives
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2026 Jun 11;48(6):612. doi: 10.3390/cimb48060612. ABSTRACT Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are increasingly recognized as key contributors to the development and progression of retinal degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration and inherited retinal dystrophies. Growing evidence suggests that alterations in mitochondrial function, excessive production of reactive oxygen species, defective mitophagy, and […]
An In Vitro Evaluation of a New Approach in AMD: Effects of the Combination of Resveratrol and Anti-VEGFs on ARPE-19 Cells
Biomolecules. 2026 Jun 15;16(6):883. doi: 10.3390/biom16060883. ABSTRACT Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents (anti-VEGFs) are the cornerstone of treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol with well-established antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. This study investigated whether resveratrol exerts cytoprotective effects when combined with anti-VEGFs on ARPE-19 cells in vitro. Cells were treated […]
Repeated Low-Level Red-Light Therapy for Childhood Myopia: Efficacy, Mechanisms, Rebound Effects, Safety Boundaries, and Clinical Standardization
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2026 Jun 25:105554. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105554. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Repeated low-level red-light therapy (RLRL) has emerged as a promising ocular photobiomodulation strategy for childhood myopia control. Published randomized trials have reported substantial reductions in axial elongation and refractive progression, and some studies have described apparent axial shortening during active treatment. However, […]
SIRT4 Alleviates Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Mediating Astrocytes Lipid Metabolism and Mitochondrial Function
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2026 Jun 1;67(6):49. doi: 10.1167/iovs.67.6.49. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To investigate whether SIRT4 protects the optic nerve by regulating mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism in neurotoxic reactive astrocytes in the retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS: Using SIRT4 knockout, wild-type, and overexpressing mouse ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) models, we assessed retinal ganglion cell loss, protein expression (SIRT4, […]
Genotype-phenotype correlations in retinitis pigmentosa: structural and vascular insights using OCT and OCTA
Int J Retina Vitreous. 2026 Jun 24. doi: 10.1186/s40942-026-00882-7. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify disease-related genetic variants in 41 patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and to evaluate their phenotypic effects on the retina and choroid. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with RP underwent targeted next-generation sequencing of RP-related genes and mitochondrial […]
Label-Free Detection of Cellular Abeta Accumulation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in AD Cell Models via Raman Microscopy
Anal Chem. 2026 Jun 23. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5c06200. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurocognitive disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) in senile plaques in the brain. Aβ accumulates in nerve cells, causing cellular dysfunction through various mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to apoptosis. AD cell models are being […]
Autophagy in thyroid cancer: Immune suppression and drug resistance
Drug Resist Updat. 2026 Jun 19;88:101437. doi: 10.1016/j.drup.2026.101437. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Thyroid cancer exhibits a broad spectrum of clinical behaviors, ranging from indolent differentiated tumors to highly aggressive, dedifferentiated malignancies that are refractory to radioactive iodine (RAI), targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Autophagy, a highly conserved lysosome-mediated degradation pathway, has been identified as a […]
Generation and characterization of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (SNUi001-A) harboring the MT-ND4 m.11778G>A mutation
Stem Cell Res. 2026 Jun 20;95:104043. doi: 10.1016/j.scr.2026.104043. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited optic neuropathy caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA. To facilitate disease modeling and the investigation of pathogenetic mechanisms, we generated an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, SNUi001-A, derived from the peripheral blood […]
Senp1 O-GlcNAcylation Promotes Mitochondrial Fragmentation by Regulating Fis1 SUMO1-ylation Underlying Diabetic Cataract
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2026 Jun 1;67(6):44. doi: 10.1167/iovs.67.6.44. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Cataract is a major cause of blindness among patients with diabetes mellitus. The pathology underlying diabetic cataract (DC) is complex because of changes in biological processes caused by chronic hyperglycemia. O-GlcNAcylation is highly dependent on glucose availability and regulates mitochondrial functions. Dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation […]
Humanin Mitigates Aβ-Induced Retinal Pigment Epithelium Injury via AMPK-Beclin1-Dependent Mitophagy
Aging Cell. 2026 Jul;25(7):e70601. doi: 10.1111/acel.70601. ABSTRACT Amyloid beta (Aβ), a key component of drusen in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), induces oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and degeneration in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), contributing to progressive vision loss in the elderly. We investigated the protective role of Humanin (HN), a mitochondria-derived peptide with known neuroprotective […]