Mitochondrial Dysfunction During TGF-beta1-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
Curr Eye Res. 2025 Feb 12:1-9. doi: 10.1080/02713683.2025.2464783. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells contributes to the epiretinal membrane development in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). This study aimed at investigating changes in mitochondrial function during EMT in PVR. METHODS: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was utilized to examine […]
An artificial intelligence and blockchain technology-based data management framework for multicenter randomized controlled trials
Sci Bull (Beijing). 2025 Jan 25:S2095-9273(25)00120-3. doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2025.01.041. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:39933985 | DOI:10.1016/j.scib.2025.01.041
FXR suppress Müller cell activation by regulating cGAS/STING pathway in diabetic retinopathy
FEBS J. 2025 Feb 11. doi: 10.1111/febs.17421. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is widely acknowledged as an ocular complication of diabetes mellitus involving retinal inflammation and secondary neuro/microvascular degeneration. Müller glial cells play a crucial role in regulating retinal homeostasis and neuroinflammation within the retina. Farnesoid X nuclear receptor (FXR) has emerged […]
Dysregulation of Retinal and Photoreceptor Structural Integrity Genes in ATF6-/- Retinal Organoids
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2025;1468:401-407. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_66. ABSTRACT ATF6 is a key regulator of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway that maintains cellular homeostasis during ER stress. In people, loss of ATF6 function causes cone dysfunction, manifesting as achromatopsia (ACHM). Previously, we generated ACHM retinal organoids (ROs) from patient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) carrying […]
Mitochondrial DNA Damage in the Retinal Pigmented Epithelium (RPE) and Its Role in RPE Pathobiology
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2025;1468:375-379. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_62. ABSTRACT Retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells have critical functions in the retina. These cells rely heavily on their mitochondria to generate energy, offer metabolites for biosynthesis through the TCA cycle, regulate apoptosis, and process lipids from photoreceptors. Therefore, mitochondrial damage has significant consequences for the RPE and, by […]
Less Is More: The RPE Cell Culture Medium Additive THT Mildly Impairs RPE Health
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2025;1468:333-337. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_55. ABSTRACT THT is an additive for culture medium used to maintain retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. The individual components of THT are taurine, hydrocortisone, and triiodothyronine. The effects of THT on RPE health had not been defined. To determine how THT affects RPE cell physiology, we grew induced […]
Ocular Tissue-Specific Amino Acid Metabolism in Gyrate Atrophy
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2025;1468:279-284. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_46. ABSTRACT Deficiency of the mitochondrial enzyme ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) causes gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina (GACR), a rare autosomal inherited disorder characterized by a substantial elevation in plasma ornithine and progressive chorioretinal degeneration. While OAT is expressed in many tissues, the deficiency mainly affects the retinal […]
Potential Role of NUR77 in the Aging Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2025;1468:165-169. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_27. ABSTRACT The underlying mechanisms associated with age-related changes in the morphology and function of retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells are poorly understood. The aging RPE progresses through several structural changes including loss of melanin granules, accumulation of lipofuscin, and cytoskeletal changes, among others. Extracellular to it, there is […]
An exploratory study to evaluate efficacy and safety of frequent Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation for Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 9;15(1):4829. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-89076-z. ABSTRACT Electrical stimulation (ES) may be effective for intractable retinal or optic nerve diseases. We studied frequent transcutaneous ES in a single-center, single-arm prospective study in patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) who carry the mitochondrial (mt) 11778 G > A mutation. A 30-min ES was applied […]
Hydroxytyrosol downregulates inflammatory responses via Nrf2/HO-1 axis during fungal keratitis and exerts antifungal effects
Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 Feb 6;149:114202. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114202. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This study aims to explore the protective effect and underlying mechanism of hydroxytyrosol (HT) in fungal keratitis. METHODS: Mouse models with Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) keratitis, human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and RAW 264.7 cells were used in this study. Methods employed […]