Unexpected and Synergistical Effects of All-Trans Retinoic Acid and TGF-β2 on Biological Aspects of 2D and 3D Cultured ARPE19 Cells
Biomedicines. 2024 Sep 30;12(10):2228. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12102228. ABSTRACT Objectives: To study the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on TGF-β2-induced effects of human retinal pigment epithelium cells under normoxia and hypoxia conditions. Methods: Two-dimensionally (2D) and three-dimensionally (3D) cultured ARPE19 cells were subjected to cellular functional analyses by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and an extracellular flux […]
AIBP Protects Muller Glial Cells Against Oxidative Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Reduces Retinal Neuroinflammation
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Oct 17;13(10):1252. doi: 10.3390/antiox13101252. ABSTRACT Glaucoma, an optic neuropathy with the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have a significant role in triggering glia-driven neuroinflammation and subsequent glaucomatous RGC degeneration in the context of glaucoma. It has previously been […]
Oxidative Stress in Cataract Formation: Is There a Treatment Approach on the Horizon?
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Oct 16;13(10):1249. doi: 10.3390/antiox13101249. ABSTRACT Cataracts, a leading cause of blindness worldwide, are closely linked to oxidative stress-induced damage to lens epithelial cells (LECs). Key factors contributing to cataract formation include aging, arterial hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Given the high global prevalence of cataracts, the burden of cataract-related visual impairment is substantial, […]
Prevention of Sunlight-Induced Cell Damage by Selective Blue-Violet-Light-Filtering Lenses in A2E-Loaded Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Oct 1;13(10):1195. doi: 10.3390/antiox13101195. ABSTRACT Blue light accelerates retinal aging. Previous studies have indicated that wavelengths between 400 and 455 nm are most harmful to aging retinal pigment epithelia (RPE). This study explored whether filtering these wavelengths can protect cells exposed to broad sunlight. Primary porcine RPE cells loaded with 20 µM […]
Advances in Neuroprotection in Glaucoma: Pharmacological Strategies and Emerging Technologies
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Sep 25;17(10):1261. doi: 10.3390/ph17101261. ABSTRACT Glaucoma is a major global health concern and the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, characterized by the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. This review focuses on the need for neuroprotective strategies in glaucoma management, addressing the limitations of current treatments that […]
Blood-derived mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with Alzheimer disease, Alzheimer-related biomarkers and serum metabolites
Alzheimers Res Ther. 2024 Oct 23;16(1):234. doi: 10.1186/s13195-024-01601-w. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Blood-derived mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is a proxy measurement of mitochondrial function in the peripheral and central systems. Abnormal mtDNA-CN not only indicates impaired mtDNA replication and transcription machinery but also dysregulated biological processes such as energy and lipid metabolism. However, the relationship between […]
Eye on the horizon: The metabolic landscape of the RPE in aging and disease
Prog Retin Eye Res. 2024 Oct 19:101306. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101306. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT To meet the prodigious bioenergetic demands of the photoreceptors, glucose and other nutrients must traverse the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a polarised monolayer of cells that lie at the interface between the outer retina and the choroid, the principal vascular layer […]
Mitochondrial Transfer Via Tunneling Nanotubes Between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Retinal Pigment Epithelium In Vitro
J Vis Exp. 2024 Oct 4;(212). doi: 10.3791/66917. ABSTRACT Mitochondrial transfer is a normal physiological phenomenon that occurs widely among various types of cells. In the study to date, the most important pathway for mitochondrial transport is through tunneling nanotubes (TNTs). There have been many studies reporting that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can transfer mitochondria […]
A novel ferroptosis inhibitor, Thonningianin A, improves Alzheimer’s disease by activating GPX4
Theranostics. 2024 Sep 23;14(16):6161-6184. doi: 10.7150/thno.98172. eCollection 2024. ABSTRACT Background: Ferroptosis, a recently unveiled iron-dependent form of cellular demise, has emerged as a pivotal process contributing to the pathology of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a vital defense mechanism countering ferroptosis by nullifying lipid peroxides and maintaining cellular redox equilibrium, has garnered significant […]
Photobiomodulation in Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Review of Bench-to-Bedside Research and Clinical Integration
Cureus. 2024 Sep 18;16(9):e69651. doi: 10.7759/cureus.69651. eCollection 2024 Sep. ABSTRACT Photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low-level laser therapy, is an emerging therapeutic modality in ophthalmology, attracting increasing interest for its potential to manage a variety of ocular conditions. PBM employs low-energy light within the red and near-infrared spectrum to penetrate biological tissues, where it interacts […]