Deficient autophagy in retinal ganglion cells impairs the degradation of intracellular organelles, leading to neurodegeneration
Cell Death Dis. 2026 May 30. doi: 10.1038/s41419-026-08927-3. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Autophagy is a fundamental catabolic process that facilitates the degradation and recycling of cellular components like protein aggregates and defective organelles. However, the precise role of constitutive autophagy in regulating retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function and survival remains largely undefined. Here, we […]
PKM2-driven glycolysis mediates rotenone neurotoxicity via MG-Hs in Parkinson’s disease
Sci Rep. 2026 May 30. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-54865-7. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder lacking disease-modifying therapies. Rotenone (Rot) is widely used to model PD, but its neurotoxicity is not fully understood beyond mitochondrial complex I inhibition. Here, we identify a glycolytic mechanism that contributes to Rot-induced neuronal damage […]
Immune-Metabolic Interactions in the Degenerative Retina: A Systems Biology Approach Based on Diabetic Retinopathy
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2026 May 22;31(5):49588. doi: 10.31083/FBL49588. ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is increasingly recognized as a complex neurovascular degenerative disorder driven by intertwined immune and metabolic disturbances within the retinal microenvironment. Chronic hyperglycemia induces metabolic stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative imbalance, which, in turn, activate innate and adaptive immune pathways. Key mechanisms-including complement […]
Autophagy impairs the sensitivity of Ewing sarcoma cells to PARP inhibitors
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2026 May 30;96(1):60. doi: 10.1007/s00280-026-04907-8. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: PARP inhibitors (PARPi) proved effective in Ewing sarcoma cells in preclinical studies. In clinical evaluation, however, the PARPi olaparib failed to elicit substantial responses, suggesting an unknown mechanism of resistance to PARPi in Ewing sarcoma. Since autophagy has been identified as a PARPi resistance mechanism […]
SGLT2 inhibition with empagliflozin attenuates retinal oxidative stress and damage in diabetic mice
Sci Rep. 2026 May 29. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-53536-x. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT To investigate the effects of empagliflozin (EMPA), an SGLT2 inhibitor, on retinal damage in diabetic mice, exploring its potential as a therapeutic strategy for diabetic retinopathy (DR). DR was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injections, followed by EMPA treatment. The study […]
Feasibility of In Vivo Retinal Flavoprotein Autofluorescence Imaging in a Magnetic-Bead-Induced Rodent Glaucoma Model
J Biophotonics. 2026 Jun;19(6):e70297. doi: 10.1002/jbio.70297. ABSTRACT Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are critical events in the pathogenesis of glaucoma that occur prior to structural degeneration and visual field loss. Flavoprotein fluorescence (FPF) produced by oxidized mitochondrial flavoproteins offers a potential biomarker for early detection of cellular dysfunction. This study […]
Mitochondrial transplantation protects the retinal pigment epithelial cells from the oxidative stress induced by NaIO(3)
Exp Eye Res. 2026 May 27:111090. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.111090. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is the outermost part of the retina, and it is essential for the photoreceptor survival and function. Oxidative stress, aging, accumulation of lipofuscin, and drusen can lead to retinal degenerative diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). […]
Oxidative Stress-Induced Age-Related Bullous Keratopathy in Corneal Endothelial Cells With Lipid Droplets and Vacuoles
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2026 May 1;67(5):71. doi: 10.1167/iovs.67.5.71. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: We previously demonstrated that intracellular oxidative stress reduces corneal endothelial cells in Tet-mev-1 mice that genetically overproduce mitochondrial superoxide anions. This study aimed to elucidate the physiological processes underlying oxidative stress-induced corneal endothelial cell loss. METHODS: Primary cultures of mouse corneal endothelial cells were […]
AstroOphthalmology: Basic and Pathophysiological Concepts of Space-Induced Ocular Changes
Eye Brain. 2026 May 22;18:611235. doi: 10.2147/EB.S611235. eCollection 2026. ABSTRACT Long-duration space missions pose a considerable risk to eye health, and visual dysfunction is recognized as a primary health concern for astronauts. Hence, we have developed a series of review reports to study the effects of space on the eye, called AstroOphthalmology (including Basics, Ocular […]
Aerobic Exercise Preserves Retinal Integrity in Type 2 Diabetic Zebrafish in Association With Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Homeostasis
FASEB J. 2026 Jun 15;40(11):e71978. doi: 10.1096/fj.202602090R. ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy is a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), yet effective early interventions that simultaneously address systemic metabolic dysfunction and retinal injury remain limited. Here, using a zebrafish model of T2DM under continued diabetic challenge, we show that aerobic exercise preserves retinal integrity in […]