Topology of WFS1 Variants Linked With Islet Function and Higher Risk of Urological Symptoms in WFS1-Associated Disease

Pediatr Diabetes. 2025 Jul 31;2025:9955995. doi: 10.1155/pedi/9955995. eCollection 2025. ABSTRACT Wolfram syndrome type 1 gene (WFS1), which encodes a transmembrane (TM) structural protein (wolframin), is essential for several biological processes. Mutations of WFS1, autosomal dominant or recessive inherited, are related to a broad clinical spectrum. Molecular genetic tests were performed, and clinical phenotypes of three […]

Gonadal Dysfunction in Wolfram Syndrome: A Prospective Study

Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Jun 24;15(13):1594. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15131594. ABSTRACT Background: Wolfram syndrome (WFS), also known as DIDMOAD, is a rare monogenic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by four key components: non-autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM), optic atrophy, sensorineural hearing loss, and diabetes insipidus. Although it significantly affects quality of life, gonadal dysfunction, particularly hypogonadism, remains underrecognized. Methods: In […]

Characterization of Novel WFS1 Variants in Three Diabetes Pedigrees

J Diabetes. 2025 Jul;17(7):e70114. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.70114. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Mutations in the WFS1 gene are implicated in Wolfram syndrome (WS), Wolfram-like syndrome (WFLS), and maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). Wolfram syndrome 1 (WFS1) is a diabetes-related gene encoding wolframin, a glycoprotein with nine transmembrane domains localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. However, the relationship between WFS1 […]

The Labile Side of Iron in Health and Disease: A Narrative Review

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2025;1480:47-60. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-92033-2_4. ABSTRACT Labile iron is an exchangeable and redox-active form of Fe2+/Fe3+ that is identified in cells under normal or pathological conditions, particularly with the aid of an increasing number of metal-sensitive probes, especially those carrying fluorescent-based sensors, some targetable to specific cell organelles, some useful for real-time measurements. […]

The significance of ophthalmological evaluation in the correct diagnosis of pediatric insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: lessons from novel WFS1 variants

Diabetes Metab. 2025 Jun 15:101676. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2025.101676. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Wolfram syndrome 1 is an autosomal recessive disorder often commencing as insulin dependent diabetes, but with inherent progressive ultimately fatal neurodegeneration. We report two pediatric cases, referred as unregulated insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, initially misdiagnosed as type 1 diabetes, in whom whole exome […]

A case of a young patient with progressive vision loss: An atypical presentation of the rare Wolfram Syndrome in a Middle Eastern individual

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2025 May 16;39:102354. doi: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102354. eCollection 2025 Sep. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To describe an atypical presentation of a rare disease in a young middle eastern woman with a relatively adult-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus, bilateral optic atrophy and progressive decreased vision diagnosed as the Wolfram disease. OBSERVATION: A 38-year-old female patient […]

A Hidden Diagnosis: Neurogenic Bladder Leading to Acute Kidney Failure in Wolfram Syndrome

Cureus. 2025 May 6;17(5):e83594. doi: 10.7759/cureus.83594. eCollection 2025 May. ABSTRACT Wolfram syndrome (WS) is a rare, autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive multisystemic involvement, including diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, diabetes insipidus, sensorineural hearing loss, and urological dysfunction. While diabetes mellitus is typically the first clinical sign, atypical presentations can delay the diagnosis. We report […]